有机太阳电池的制备及其相关性能的研究
发布时间：2019-06-02 01:02
【摘要】：太阳能是一种取之不尽用之不竭的洁净能源，直接将太阳能转化为电能是解决当前能源危机的有效方法之一。经过多年的探索和技术积累，太阳电池的发展取得了巨大的进步。相比于传统无机太阳电池，有机太阳电池具有低成本、易加工、质量轻、可卷曲等诸多优点，已经成为最有希望的下一代太阳电池之一，受到了科学界及产业界的广泛关注。自诞生以来，尽管有机太阳电池取得了许多成就，但是离其进一步的商业化应用进而惠及人们的日常生活还有一定的距离。 本论文以P3HT作为给体为例研究了有机电池中优化器件性能的主要方法，然后基于一系列5,6-二辛氧基-4,7-二噻吩苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑作为构建单元的齐聚物(S2-S8)作为有机电池中的给体材料，来研究这些齐聚物的链长与其光伏性质之间的关系，同时选取了相对应的带隙相对较窄的聚合物作为对比。此外，基于此聚合物我们还研究了聚合物的分子量大小与它们的光伏器件性能之间的关系。主要工作如下： 第二章中，我们以有机电池给体材料的明星分子P3HT作为给体材料，采用传统的本体异质结正装器件结构，从器件的角度研究了有机电池中提高器件能量转换效率的方法。主要包括：优化活性层厚度，采用热退火和溶剂退火，使用添加剂以及采用界面层材料优化界面接触等。这些工作对有机电池器件的优化提供了方法及其思路。 第三章中，我们依次研究了一系列共轭齐聚物到聚合物的电子结构、自组装和结晶排列等性质，从微观到宏观再到应用等角度。我们以这些有机材料作为电子给体材料，以富勒烯的衍生物PC71BM作为电子受体材料，制备了结构为ITO/PFN-OX/ActiveLayer/MoO3/Al的有机电池器件，其中PFN-OX是一种加热时可以交联的阴极界面修饰层材料。我们发现，齐聚物的不同链长对电池器件的性能有着很重要的影响。随着链长的增加，器件的开路电压不断降低，而短路电流和填充因子却逐渐增加。器件的能量转换效率从两个单元时的0.8%递进式的增加到八个单元时的2.5%。所得结果表明，齐聚物的光学性质，光伏性能以及采用掠入角X射线衍射（GIXD）测得的薄膜结构等随着链长的增加均表现出一定的规律性，，齐聚物和聚合物中共轭链的聚集性对材料的吸收，迁移率，光伏性能都有很重要的影响。这些结果为研究齐聚物的链长和光伏性能之间的关系奠定了基础，为进一步的去探究共轭链的长度及其多分散性的单元对有机电池器件性能的影响提供了方法和思路，同时，也给新材料的设计一定启发。 第四章中，我们分析了聚合物的分子量与它们的光学性能，迁移率，光伏性能等之间的关系。所采用的器件结构同上，均是倒置的器件结构。我们发现，聚合物的分子量对器件性能有很大的影响，具体而言，过低或过高的分子量都对器件的短路电流、开路电压、以及填充因子等参数有着不利影响。我们认为，随着分子量的增加，聚合物链的共轭长度增加，在体异质结互穿网络中能够行成更好的连接通道，有利于空穴的传输。然而过高的分子量导致聚合物的溶解性变差，以至于影响活性层的成膜质量，导致器件性能降低。因此，在材料的合成过程中，合理控制材料的分子量是提高有机电池器件性能的有效途径之一。
[Abstract]:Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, and the direct conversion of solar energy into electric energy is one of the effective ways to solve the current energy crisis. After many years of exploration and technology accumulation, the development of the solar cell has made great progress. Compared with the traditional inorganic solar cell, the organic solar cell has the advantages of low cost, easy processing, light weight and curling, and has become one of the most promising next-generation solar cells, and is widely concerned by the scientific community and the industrial community. Since its birth, although the organic solar cell has made many achievements, its further commercial application, in turn, has a certain distance to people's daily life. The main method of optimizing the performance of the device in the organic battery was studied with P3HT as a donor. Then, a series of 5,6-dioctyloxy-4,7-dibenzo-benzene and[1,2,5] babylbenzene were used as the polymer of the building unit (S2-S8) as the donor in the organic battery. the relationship between the chain length of the oligomer and its photovoltaic property is studied, and a relatively narrow band gap of the polymer is selected as a pair, In addition, based on this polymer, we have also studied the correlation between the molecular weight of the polymer and the performance of their photovoltaic devices Department. Main work such as In the second chapter, we use the star molecule P3HT of the donor material of the organic battery as the donor material, adopt the structure of the conventional bulk heterojunction device, and study the energy conversion efficiency of the device in the organic battery from the angle of the device. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: optimizing the thickness of an active layer, adopting a thermal annealing and a solvent annealing, using an additive and adopting an interface layer material to optimize the interface; contact and the like. The work provides a method for the optimization of an organic battery device and In the third chapter, we study the electronic structure, self-assembly and crystal arrangement of a series of co-oligomer to the polymer, from the micro to the macro to the macro The organic materials with the structure of ITO/ PFN-OX/ ActiveLayer/ MoO3/ Al are prepared by using these organic materials as the electron donor material and the derivative PC71BM of the fullerene as the electron acceptor material, wherein the PFN-OX is a cathode interface which can be cross-linked when heated The modified layer material. We have found that the different chain lengths of the oligomer have a great effect on the performance of the cell device Important effects. As the chain length increases, the open-circuit voltage of the device decreases and the short-circuit current and the fill factor but gradually increases. When the energy conversion efficiency of the device is increased from 0.8% of the two units to eight units The results show that the optical properties of the oligomer, the photovoltaic properties and the film structure measured by the sweep-in angle X-ray diffraction (GXD) show a certain regularity with the increase of the chain length, and the aggregation of the co-polar chain in the oligomer and the polymer has a certain regularity. The charge, the mobility, the photovoltaic performance are all very good The results provide a basis for studying the relationship between the chain length and the photovoltaic properties of the oligomer, and provides a method and a method for further exploring the influence of the length of the common chain and the unit on the performance of the organic battery device. At the same time, the setting of the new material is also provided. in that fourth chap, we analyze the molecular weight of the polymer and their optical properties, mobility, photovoltaic property, the structure of the adopted device is the same as that of the same, An inverted device structure. We have found that the molecular weight of the polymer has a great effect on the performance of the device, in particular, too low or too high molecular weight to short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor of the device. The number has a negative effect. We believe that with the increase of the molecular weight, the total length of the polymer chain is increased, and the in-vivo heterojunction interpenetration network can be made into a better connecting channel, and the high molecular weight results in poor solubility of the polymer such that the film-forming quality of the active layer is affected, Therefore, in the process of material synthesis, the reasonable control of the molecular weight of the material is to improve the performance of the organic battery device.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
本文编号：2490712
[Abstract]:Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, and the direct conversion of solar energy into electric energy is one of the effective ways to solve the current energy crisis. After many years of exploration and technology accumulation, the development of the solar cell has made great progress. Compared with the traditional inorganic solar cell, the organic solar cell has the advantages of low cost, easy processing, light weight and curling, and has become one of the most promising next-generation solar cells, and is widely concerned by the scientific community and the industrial community. Since its birth, although the organic solar cell has made many achievements, its further commercial application, in turn, has a certain distance to people's daily life. The main method of optimizing the performance of the device in the organic battery was studied with P3HT as a donor. Then, a series of 5,6-dioctyloxy-4,7-dibenzo-benzene and[1,2,5] babylbenzene were used as the polymer of the building unit (S2-S8) as the donor in the organic battery. the relationship between the chain length of the oligomer and its photovoltaic property is studied, and a relatively narrow band gap of the polymer is selected as a pair, In addition, based on this polymer, we have also studied the correlation between the molecular weight of the polymer and the performance of their photovoltaic devices Department. Main work such as In the second chapter, we use the star molecule P3HT of the donor material of the organic battery as the donor material, adopt the structure of the conventional bulk heterojunction device, and study the energy conversion efficiency of the device in the organic battery from the angle of the device. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: optimizing the thickness of an active layer, adopting a thermal annealing and a solvent annealing, using an additive and adopting an interface layer material to optimize the interface; contact and the like. The work provides a method for the optimization of an organic battery device and In the third chapter, we study the electronic structure, self-assembly and crystal arrangement of a series of co-oligomer to the polymer, from the micro to the macro to the macro The organic materials with the structure of ITO/ PFN-OX/ ActiveLayer/ MoO3/ Al are prepared by using these organic materials as the electron donor material and the derivative PC71BM of the fullerene as the electron acceptor material, wherein the PFN-OX is a cathode interface which can be cross-linked when heated The modified layer material. We have found that the different chain lengths of the oligomer have a great effect on the performance of the cell device Important effects. As the chain length increases, the open-circuit voltage of the device decreases and the short-circuit current and the fill factor but gradually increases. When the energy conversion efficiency of the device is increased from 0.8% of the two units to eight units The results show that the optical properties of the oligomer, the photovoltaic properties and the film structure measured by the sweep-in angle X-ray diffraction (GXD) show a certain regularity with the increase of the chain length, and the aggregation of the co-polar chain in the oligomer and the polymer has a certain regularity. The charge, the mobility, the photovoltaic performance are all very good The results provide a basis for studying the relationship between the chain length and the photovoltaic properties of the oligomer, and provides a method and a method for further exploring the influence of the length of the common chain and the unit on the performance of the organic battery device. At the same time, the setting of the new material is also provided. in that fourth chap, we analyze the molecular weight of the polymer and their optical properties, mobility, photovoltaic property, the structure of the adopted device is the same as that of the same, An inverted device structure. We have found that the molecular weight of the polymer has a great effect on the performance of the device, in particular, too low or too high molecular weight to short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor of the device. The number has a negative effect. We believe that with the increase of the molecular weight, the total length of the polymer chain is increased, and the in-vivo heterojunction interpenetration network can be made into a better connecting channel, and the high molecular weight results in poor solubility of the polymer such that the film-forming quality of the active layer is affected, Therefore, in the process of material synthesis, the reasonable control of the molecular weight of the material is to improve the performance of the organic battery device.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 黄龙;许向东;周东;于军胜;蒋亚东;;基于P3HT的有机太阳能电池的特性研究[J];功能材料;2011年10期
2 封伟,王晓工;有机光伏材料与器件研究的新进展[J];化学通报;2003年05期
本文编号：2490712
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