绕线式异步电动机双馈调速系统的研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 19:37

【摘要】：节能和高效是现代交流调速技术的主要发展方向,电机的节能和高性能驱动,对于节省能源、提高产品质量和生产率具有重要意义。绕线式异步电机的双馈调速技术是通过控制电机的转差功率以实现电机的调速,其优点在于运用小容量变频器控制大功率电机,节省调速系统成本,实现高性能调速的同时还可调节电机的功率因数,改善电能的使用质量。因此,对异步电机双馈调速技术的深入研究意义深远。本文首先介绍了绕线式异步电动机双馈调速系统的结构及原理,选择了交-直-交双PWM变换器作为双馈调速系统的主回路结构,分析、化简了绕线式异步电机在双馈调速系统下的数学模型,并建立了等值电路。接着,介绍了电机侧变换器的拓扑结构及空间电压矢量调制技术(SVPWM),运用基于转子磁场定向的空间电压矢量调制技术设计了转子侧变换器的控制系统,实现了电机转矩与无功功率的解耦控制,实现了电机在同步、次同步、超同步速度状体下运行,并灵活在三种工作状态之间调节,且电机的功率因数可调。再次,介绍了网侧PWM整流器的拓扑结构及控制原理,建立了其基于开关函数的数学模型,运用电网电压矢量定向的双闭环电流解耦控制策略设计了网侧整流器的控制体统,实现了转差能量的双向流动及整流器的单位功率运行。最后,在Matlab/Simulink仿真环境下分别建立了网侧PWM变换器闭环控制系统和电机侧闭环控制系统以及双馈控制系统仿真模型,用仿真结果验证了控制系统具有良好的动态响应特性和稳态精度,证明了控制系统设计的正确性及合理性。此外,初步设计了以TI公司的TMS320F28335为核心双馈调速控制系统的硬件控制电路,为后续双馈调速系统实验平台的进一步建立提供参考。
[Abstract]:Energy saving and high efficiency are the main development directions of modern AC speed regulation technology. The energy saving and high performance drive of motor are of great significance for saving energy and improving product quality and productivity. The doubly-fed speed regulation technology of wound asynchronous motor is to control the slip power of the motor to realize the speed regulation of the motor. Its advantage lies in the use of small capacity frequency converter to control the high power motor, save the cost of the speed regulation system, realize the high performance speed regulation, and at the same time adjust the power factor of the motor and improve the quality of electric energy. Therefore, the in-depth study of induction motor doubly-fed speed regulation technology is of far-reaching significance. In this paper, the structure and principle of doubly-fed speed regulation system of wound asynchronous motor are introduced. The AC-DC-AC double PWM converter is selected as the main circuit structure of doubly-fed speed regulation system. The mathematical model of wound asynchronous motor under doubly-fed speed regulation system is analyzed and simplified, and the equivalent circuit is established. Then, the topology and space voltage vector modulation technology of motor side converter (SVPWM), are introduced. The control system of rotor side converter is designed by using space voltage vector modulation technology based on rotor magnetic field orientation. The decoupling control of motor torque and reactive power is realized, and the motor runs under synchronous, subsynchronous and supersynchronous speed, and flexibly adjusts among the three working states. And the power factor of the motor can be adjusted. Thirdly, the topology and control principle of the network-side PWM rectifier are introduced, and its mathematical model based on switching function is established. The control system of the grid-side rectifier is designed by using the voltage vector oriented double closed-loop current decoupling control strategy of the power grid, and the bidirectional flow of slip energy and the unit power operation of the rectifier are realized. Finally, the simulation models of network-side PWM converter closed-loop control system, motor-side closed-loop control system and doubly-fed control system are established under Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. The simulation results verify that the control system has good dynamic response characteristics and steady-state accuracy, and proves the correctness and rationality of the control system design. In addition, the hardware control circuit of doubly-fed speed control system based on TMS320F28335 of TI company is designed, which provides a reference for the further establishment of the experimental platform of doubly-fed speed regulation system.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM343

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