染料敏化太阳电池硫化物电极材料和柔性技术研究
发布时间：2019-06-19 22:10
【摘要】：染料敏化太阳电池作为一种光伏器件由于其结构简单、光电转换效率高和生产工艺简单等特点,被认为是最具发展潜力的太阳电池之一。经过二十多年的发展,染料敏化太阳电池无论从电池的光电转换效率还是从电池的制备工艺方面,都取得了巨大的发展。但是一些关键问题如贵金属铂材料的使用、电池的柔性低温制备等仍严重阻碍了染料敏化太阳电池效率的进一步提高和产业化应用。本论文就这些问题,对染料敏化太阳电池硫化物电极材料和电池的柔性制备新技术进行了研究,主要研究内容如下： 1.使用化学沉淀的简单方法在室温下合成了CoS材料,分别使用丝网印刷和滴涂的方法制备了CoS对电极,研究了热处理前后CoS材料的形貌、结构和成份的变化。研究表明,丝网印刷后烧结的方法可以有效的去除前驱CoS化合物中过量的硫,提高CoS与透明导电基底的结合力。将CoS对电极组装电池,并对其进行表征,结果表明基于丝网印刷后烧结的CoS对电极具有良好的电化学催化性能,电池获得了7.2%的光电转换效率,性能接近传统热分解法制备的Pt作为对电极电池的光电转换效率。 2.使用溶剂热的合成方法在不含联氨和螯合剂的条件下,合成了Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)材料。利用滴涂和丝网印刷、真空硒化退火硒化的方法制备了CZTS和CZTS(Se)对电极,并组装成染料敏化太阳电池。对所合成材料的形貌、结构、成分以及对电极的电化学催化性质与电池的光电性能进行了系统的表征、测试。研究了CZTS及CZTS(Se)对电极的形貌结构特征对电极催化性能和电池性能的影响。结果表明,丝网印刷后烧结结合硒化处理的方法制备的CZTS(Se)对电极具有良好的多孔结构,较高的催化还原能力。以CZTS(Se)为对电极电池获得了5.75%的效率,高于以滴涂法制备的CZTS对电极电池的效率。 3.以乙二胺和联氨作为混合溶剂,使用溶剂热的方法合成了NiS纳米棒-石墨烯复合材料。通过对复合物材料中石墨烯含量的优化,适量石墨烯有助于复合物材料形成三维多孔结构。当NiS与石墨烯的质量比为1：0.04时,在NiS和石墨烯的协同催化作用下,复合物材料显示出比铂更优秀的催化还原性。其作为对电极组装的染料敏化太阳电池的光电转换效率达到8.26% 4.开发了一种激光辅助低温膜转移染料敏化太阳电池光阳极的制备方法。这种方法创新性的将激光剥离技术引入到柔性染料敏化太阳电池光阳极的制备工艺中。该方法与滚压法相结合,低压条件下制备的Ti02光阳极不仅具有良好的多孔结构而且与基底的结合力强。使用这种方法分别在刚性FTO玻璃基底和柔性PET/ITO基底上制备了染料敏化太阳电池,分别获得了6.2%和4.2%的高转换效率。由于这种方法工艺简单、可重复性好并且适用于多种导电基底,未来经过优化和改进后易与卷对卷的生产工艺结合,具有非常大的应用潜力。
[Abstract]:Dye sensitized solar cell, as a kind of photovoltaic device, is considered to be one of the most potential solar cells because of its simple structure, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and simple production process. After more than 20 years of development, dye-sensitized solar cells have made great progress both in terms of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the preparation technology of the cell. However, some key problems, such as the use of precious metal platinum materials and the flexible low temperature preparation of batteries, still seriously hinder the further improvement and industrial application of dye sensitized solar cells. In this paper, the new flexible preparation technology of dye sensitized solar cell sulfide electrode material and cell is studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1. CoS materials were synthesized by chemical precipitation at room temperature. CoS pair electrodes were prepared by screen printing and drop coating, respectively. the morphology, structure and composition of CoS materials before and after heat treatment were studied. The results show that the sintering method after screen printing can effectively remove excessive sulfur in precursor CoS compounds and improve the binding force between CoS and transparent conductive substrate. The electrode was assembled and characterized by CoS. The results show that the sintered CoS based on screen printing has good electrochemical catalytic performance for the electrode. The battery has 7.2% photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is close to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of Pt prepared by traditional thermal decomposition method. two銆，
本文编号：2502676
[Abstract]:Dye sensitized solar cell, as a kind of photovoltaic device, is considered to be one of the most potential solar cells because of its simple structure, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and simple production process. After more than 20 years of development, dye-sensitized solar cells have made great progress both in terms of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and the preparation technology of the cell. However, some key problems, such as the use of precious metal platinum materials and the flexible low temperature preparation of batteries, still seriously hinder the further improvement and industrial application of dye sensitized solar cells. In this paper, the new flexible preparation technology of dye sensitized solar cell sulfide electrode material and cell is studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1. CoS materials were synthesized by chemical precipitation at room temperature. CoS pair electrodes were prepared by screen printing and drop coating, respectively. the morphology, structure and composition of CoS materials before and after heat treatment were studied. The results show that the sintering method after screen printing can effectively remove excessive sulfur in precursor CoS compounds and improve the binding force between CoS and transparent conductive substrate. The electrode was assembled and characterized by CoS. The results show that the sintered CoS based on screen printing has good electrochemical catalytic performance for the electrode. The battery has 7.2% photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is close to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of Pt prepared by traditional thermal decomposition method. two銆，
本文编号：2502676
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