里程延长式电动轿车电池管理系统的研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 05:43

【摘要】：环境的持续恶化和能源短缺等问题越来越迫使人们关注电动汽车的发展。电动汽车以其绿色环保的优点逐步成为汽车行业的未来发展方向。电池管理系统是电动汽车成为商业化产品中非常重要的一个环节。而磷酸铁锂电池凭借其其高能量密度，高功率密度等优点被广泛作为电动汽车的动力电池。由于电压和功率的限制，通常要将电池进行串并联以满足电动汽车的需求。但是电池个体的特性差异会严重影响到整组电池的性能。磷酸铁锂电池的特性与其所处的环境温度有着密切的联系。电池的容量，内阻，开路电压，极化电容等均是反映电池内部状态的重要参数。本文着重进行了不同环境温度下电池组的特性实验，研究不同环境温度对电池相关参数的影响。针对里程延长式电动轿车的结构，设计了一套集成式电池管理系统。采用主从式结构，详细介绍了从控模块的硬件原理电路设计，包括单体电压采集、温度采集、CAN总线通讯电路等。其次介绍了针对主控模块的μC/OS-II操作系统移植，和基于操作系统的各功能模块的软件设计，包括SAE J1939协议栈的设计与实现，数据存储程序等。最后介绍基于LABVIEW的上位机软件的设计。在电池管理系统软硬件设计的基础上，，对设计的电池管理系统进行平台实验测试。在实车运行中进行稳定性测试并对动力电池组电压，温度等参数的测量精度进行测试，实验表明本文设计的电池管理系统具有较好的稳定性和测量精度。
[Abstract]:The continuous deterioration of the environment and energy shortage force people to pay more and more attention to the development of electric vehicles. Electric vehicle has gradually become the future development direction of automobile industry because of its advantages of green environmental protection. Battery management system is a very important link for electric vehicles to become commercial products. Lithium iron phosphate battery is widely used as the power battery of electric vehicle because of its high energy density, high power density and so on. Due to the limitation of voltage and power, the battery is usually series-parallel to meet the needs of electric vehicles. However, the individual characteristics of the battery will seriously affect the performance of the whole group of batteries. The characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery are closely related to the ambient temperature. The capacity, internal resistance, open circuit voltage and polarization capacitance of the battery are all important parameters to reflect the internal state of the battery. In this paper, the characteristics of battery packs at different ambient temperatures were studied, and the effects of different ambient temperatures on the related parameters of batteries were studied. According to the structure of mileage extended electric car, an integrated battery management system is designed. Using master-slave structure, the hardware principle circuit design of slave control module is introduced in detail, including single voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, CAN bus communication circuit and so on. Secondly, the 渭 C/OS-II operating system transplantation for the main control module and the software design of each functional module based on the operating system are introduced, including the design and implementation of SAE J1939 protocol stack, data storage program and so on. Finally, the design of upper computer software based on LABVIEW is introduced. On the basis of the software and hardware design of the battery management system, the platform experiment test of the designed battery management system is carried out. The stability test is carried out in the real vehicle operation and the measurement accuracy of the voltage and temperature of the power battery pack is tested. the experimental results show that the battery management system designed in this paper has good stability and measurement accuracy.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM912

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