基于极化敏感阵列的电缆故障精确定位技术

发布时间：2019-06-21 03:27

【摘要】：现代社会中各行各业对电能的依赖越来越大,潜在的电缆故障隐患随时可能对社会和国家造成严重的危害。因此,如何在故障发生后高效快速、精确地找到故障原因与位置并及时修复电缆故障,是一个亟待解决的难题。本论文开展对电力电缆的故障精确定位技术的研究,提出基于极化敏感阵列的电缆故障精确定位技术。论文通过查阅大量文献资料阐述了电力电缆产生故障的原因与故障的种类,针对不同的故障类型,制定故障检测的大致步骤流程:确定电缆出现故障相位、对电缆故障点位置进行粗测预定位和精确定位。首先分析现行精确定位方法存在的问题,在结合此方法的基础上引入基于极化敏感阵列的精确定位方法。然后针对故障精确定位过程中由高能冲击信号发生器对故障点进行有效冲击放电,产生出的电磁信号展开讨论。给出了基于极化敏感阵列情况下的进行参数估计方法,利用空间按一定几何结构分布的偶极子组或磁环组估计故障源所产生的电磁矢量信号的全部电场分量和磁场分量。结合电缆故障放电信号的数学模型与极化敏感阵列的阵列流形,分析和改进传统DOA估计算法,实现了近场故障点方位信息和位置距离信息的精确估计。利用经典改进ESPRIT算法估计近场源,通过增加一个COLD二维矢量天线(Co-centered Orthogonal Loop and Dipole),有效的解决了因为近场源效应而引起的角度近似问题。最后,通过计算机MATLAB验证仿真,从理论上论证了该算法的有效性。结合MATLAB仿真获得的数据进行分析,可以得到DOA对故障源估计的参数信息,通过方位角度和距离信息确定电缆故障的精确位置。仿真结果表明基于极化敏感阵列的电力电缆精确定位技术可以快速高效地实现高阻故障定位,与传统的电缆故障精确定位技术相比较具有显著的优势,在很大程度上解决了现行精确定位方法存在的问题,实现了故障精确定位的智能化。
[Abstract]:In modern society, all kinds of industries rely more and more on electric energy, and the potential hidden trouble of cable fault may cause serious harm to society and country at any time. Therefore, how to find the cause and location of the fault efficiently and quickly after the fault occurs and repair the cable fault in time is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the accurate fault location technology of power cable is studied, and the cable fault accurate location technology based on polarization sensitive array is proposed. In this paper, the causes and types of power cable faults are expounded by consulting a large number of literature. According to different fault types, the general step flow of fault detection is worked out: determining the fault phase of cable, rough prediction and accurate positioning of cable fault point location. Firstly, the existing problems of the current accurate positioning method are analyzed, and the accurate positioning method based on polarization sensitive array is introduced on the basis of this method. Then the electromagnetic signal produced by the high energy shock signal generator is discussed in the process of accurate fault location. In this paper, a parameter estimation method based on polarization sensitive array is presented. The electric field and magnetic field components of the electromagnetic vector signal generated by the fault source are estimated by using the dipole group or magnetic ring group distributed according to a certain geometric structure in space. Combined with the mathematical model of cable fault discharge signal and the array manifolds of polarization sensitive array, the traditional DOA estimation algorithm is analyzed and improved, and the accurate estimation of azimuth information and position distance information of near field fault point is realized. The classical improved ESPRIT algorithm is used to estimate the near-field source, and an COLD two-dimensional vector antenna (Co-centered Orthogonal Loop and Dipole),) is added to effectively solve the problem of angle approximation caused by the near-field source effect. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated theoretically by computer MATLAB verification and simulation. Combined with the data obtained by MATLAB simulation, the parameter information of fault source estimation by DOA can be obtained, and the accurate position of cable fault can be determined by azimuth angle and distance information. The simulation results show that the power cable accurate location technology based on polarization sensitive array can realize high resistance fault location quickly and efficiently. Compared with the traditional cable fault accurate location technology, it has remarkable advantages, solves the problems existing in the current accurate location method to a great extent, and realizes the intelligent fault accurate location.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM75

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