1.5MW风电机组齿轮箱振动特性分析

发布时间：2019-06-28 11:16

【摘要】：增速齿轮箱是大型双馈风电机组的关键部件之一,具有结构紧凑、载荷复杂、升速比高等特点,实际运行中故障率很高,往往达不到设计寿命。造成这一问题的主要原因之一是从设计及运行角度,对于风电齿轮箱在复杂动载荷作用下表现出的振动特性研究不足。本文中以目前国内安装投运最多的1500kW并网风电机组为对象,针对该容量级别风电机组最常用的两种增速齿轮箱结构：两级行星加一级平行轴齿轮箱和一级行星加两级平行轴齿轮箱,开展振动特性仿真计算及现场实测分析研究,以期获得关于风电齿轮箱振动特性的比较全面的信息,为优化设计、合理运行和故障诊断提供技术支持。主要研究的内容和结果总结如下： (1)利用Pro/E建模软件和ADAMS动力学分析软件,对两种风电齿轮箱的动态特性进行仿真计算,得到了各级齿轮副的轴向角加速度、小齿轮齿面啮合力的时域以及频域特征。仿真结果与理论计算值十分接近,具有较高的可信度。两级行星加一级平行轴的传动结构的啮合齿动态载荷相对较小。而一级行星加两级平行轴的传动结构的动态载荷较大。 (2)通过两种不同齿轮箱结构的1.5MW双馈风电机组进行现场振动测试。对齿轮箱振动信号的时域波形、频谱进行分析,得到在风电机组实际运行状态下,齿轮箱振动信号的特征,并将两种类型齿轮箱的实测振动信号的波形及频谱特征与前面的仿真计算结果进行了对比分析。实测齿轮箱振动信号与仿真计算结果具有一定的可比性,表明仿真计算具有一定的参考价值。 (3)探讨了风电机组运行工况对齿轮箱振动的影响,实测分析表明,在一定的转速下,振动信号中的某些频率成分与结构自振频率重叠,产生强烈的共振现象,这是导致齿轮箱振动幅度剧烈变化的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Growth gearbox is one of the key components of large doubly-fed wind turbine. It has the characteristics of compact structure, complex load, high speed-up ratio and so on. The failure rate in actual operation is very high and often can not reach the design life. One of the main reasons for this problem is the lack of research on the vibration characteristics of wind turbine gear box under complex dynamic load from the point of view of design and operation. In this paper, the most installed and put into operation 1500kW grid-connected wind turbine in China as the object, aiming at the two most commonly used speed-increasing gearbox structures of the capacity grade wind turbine: two-stage planet plus one-stage parallel shaft gearbox and one-stage planet plus two-stage parallel shaft gearbox, the vibration characteristics simulation calculation and field measurement analysis are carried out, in order to obtain more comprehensive information about the vibration characteristics of wind turbine gear box, in order to optimize the design, Reasonable operation and fault diagnosis to provide technical support. The main contents and results are summarized as follows: (1) the dynamic characteristics of two kinds of wind power gearboxes are simulated and calculated by using Pro/E modeling software and ADAMS dynamic analysis software, and the axial angular acceleration of each gear pair, the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of pinion tooth surface meshing force are obtained. The simulation results are very close to the theoretical values and have high reliability. The dynamic load of meshing teeth in the transmission structure of two-stage planet plus one-stage parallel shaft is relatively small. However, the dynamic load of the transmission structure with first-order planet and two-stage parallel shaft is larger. (2) the field vibration test of 1.5MW doubly-fed wind turbine with two different gearbox structures is carried out. The time domain waveform and spectrum of the vibration signal of the gearbox are analyzed, and the characteristics of the vibration signal of the gearbox under the actual operation state of the wind turbine are obtained, and the waveform and spectrum characteristics of the measured vibration signals of the two types of gearboxes are compared with the previous simulation results. The measured vibration signal of gearbox is comparable with the simulation results, which shows that the simulation calculation has certain reference value. (3) the influence of the operating condition of wind turbine on the vibration of gearbox is discussed. the measured analysis shows that some frequency components in the vibration signal overlap with the natural frequency of the structure at a certain speed, resulting in strong resonance phenomenon, which is the main reason for the sharp change of the vibration amplitude of the gearbox.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315

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