微网系统超级电容储能式APF的研究

发布时间：2019-07-08 21:03

【摘要】：近些年来人们越来越关注绿色能源和生态环境,能够整合太阳能、生物能、风能等多种可再生能源发电的微电网应运而生,它可以节约投资、降低能源消耗、提高能源效率、满足日渐增长的电力需求。但是,微电网条件下出现的瞬时停电、电压跌落等问题会严重影响供电系统的可靠运行。同时在微网中还存在着由于大量非线性负载的应用而产生的谐波和无功电流等危害。因此,本文提出了一种应用超级电容器作为储能元件的有源电力滤波器(APF),该装置在治理谐波和无功电流的同时,还能解决短时停电、电压暂降等问题,可以综合改善微网的电能质量。本文首先介绍了超级电容器的基本特征、储能机理和理想模型以及超级电容储能系统的构成。其次建立了超级电容储能式APF的拓扑结构,阐述了其工作原理。然后利用基于瞬时无功功率理论的ip-iq法来检测谐波和无功电流；在谐波控制方面,通过比较各种方法的优缺点选取了滞环比较控制方式对谐波电流进行跟踪控制,并对采用ip-iq检测法和滞环比较控制技术的APF进行了仿真研究。此外,论文还对微网中电压跌落的检测方法和补偿过程进行了分析与仿真。最后,设计了以TMS320F2812高速数字信号处理器和CPLD为控制核心的APF样机以及超级电容储能系统,详细地介绍了其软硬件构成,并进行了初步的实验研究。结果表明,该装置能够有效地解决谐波和电压波动等电能质量问题。
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图片说明：图２．１双电层电容器结构国逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋２．１邋Ｔｈｅ邋ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ邋ｄｉａｇｒａｍ邋ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ邋ｄｏｕｂｌｅ邋ｌａｙｅｒ邋ｃａｐａｃｋｏｒｓ逡逑
[Abstract]:In recent years, people pay more and more attention to green energy and ecological environment. Microgrid, which can integrate solar energy, biological energy, wind energy and other renewable energy to generate electricity, emerges as the times require. It can save investment, reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency and meet the growing demand for electricity. However, the instantaneous power outage and voltage drop under the condition of microgrid will seriously affect the reliable operation of the power supply system. At the same time, there are still harmonics and reactive current caused by the application of a large number of nonlinear loads in the microgrid. Therefore, an active power filter (APF),) using supercapacitor as energy storage element is proposed in this paper, which can not only control harmonics and reactive current, but also solve the problems of short-term power outage and voltage sag, and can comprehensively improve the power quality of microgrid. In this paper, the basic characteristics, energy storage mechanism and ideal model of supercapacitors and the composition of supercapacitor energy storage system are introduced at first. Secondly, the topological structure of supercapacitor energy storage APF is established, and its working principle is expounded. Then the ip-iq method based on instantaneous reactive power theory is used to detect harmonics and reactive current. In the aspect of harmonic control, the hysteretic comparative control method is selected to track and control the harmonic current by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and the APF using ip-iq detection method and hysteretic comparative control technology is simulated. In addition, the detection method and compensation process of voltage sag in microgrid are analyzed and simulated. Finally, a prototype of APF and a supercapacitor energy storage system based on TMS320F2812 high-speed digital signal processor and CPLD are designed. The hardware and software of the prototype are introduced in detail, and the preliminary experimental research is carried out. The results show that the device can effectively solve the power quality problems such as harmonics and voltage fluctuations.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM53;TM761

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