基片集成波导小型化无源器件研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 19:52

本文关键词： 小型化低成本等效电路模型高选择性谐波抑制　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人们对无线技术尤其是移动通信技术需求的日益增长,现代电子系统朝着集成化、小型化、低成本、多模等趋势发展。而各种模式电子系统的应用,使得电磁空间更加复杂,为有效选择所需信号同时减小带外干扰,研究小型化、高性能的微波无源器件成为热点。基片集成波导(Substrate Integrated Waveguide,SIW)是新型平面类导波结构,具有相对较高的品质因数,传输损耗较小,同时封闭结构使得其辐射损耗低、隔离度高。目前,SIW已成为微波毫米波电路设计的一个重要选择,但由于SIW类似于波导,具有截止频率,在具体应用时占据较大的电路面积,制约了它在微波特别是微波低频段中的应用。本文针对SIW无源器件的小型化问题展开系统的研究,并完成了多种小型化、高性能的微波毫米波无源器件的设计。本文的主要研究工作及创新点如下:(1)提出了一种新型缺陷地结构(Defected Ground Structure, DGS),并将其应用到SIW结构中。该DGS采用了发卡型结构,有效提高了等效电容,同时并联的短枝节线则有效减小了等效电感,从而降低了损耗,与其他DGS结构相比,本文所提出的结构具有更高Q值,在阻带频率上的抑制深度和陡峭度具有明显优势。首先,结合SIW结构的高通性质和DGS的低通特性形成带通响应,DGS所产生的慢波效应则使得电路更加紧凑,同时由于通带内处于传输模式,故在通带内具有较低的插入损耗和良好的回波性能。其次,针对传统SIW功分器输出端口隔离度较低的问题,本文在传统魔T的基础上设计了一种加载所提出的DGS的SIW功分器,该设计克服了传统SIW功分器输出端口隔离度低的问题,同时具有低损耗、尺寸小的优点。(2)提出了一种混合基片集成波导谐振结构(Hybrid Substrate Integrated Waveguide,HMSIW),通过将金属带线嵌入到SIW腔体中,从而使得该谐振结构存在两种基本谐振模式:TEM模和TE101模。利用这种谐振结构设计了一款新型滤波器,两个模式分别形成一个通带,得到了双通带滤波响应。由于两个工作模式不相关,二者相互间的耦合可以忽略,故两个通带可独立设计。同时,由于带线结构内嵌于SIW腔体内部,不占据额外的电路面积,有利于小型化设计。另外,若带线的谐振频率接近于SIW腔体谐振频率,由于带线结构谐振时的相位翻转效应,根据信号相消的原理,在滤波器的阻带产生传输零点。此时,带线结构相对于SIW谐振腔来说处于非谐振状态,可以看成非谐振节点,但是传统的非谐振节点技术采用的是单模结构,故仅能够产生一个传输零点,本文创新性地采用具有多谐振特性的阶梯阻抗谐振器,可形成两个或者多个传输零点。该设计突破了传统单模非谐振节点对零点个数的限制,扩展了非谐振节点在高选择性滤波器的应用,同样由于带线结构不占据电路面积,有利于电路的小型化。(3)设计了一种基于四分之一模基片集成波导(Quarter-mode SIW, QMSIW)和共面波导(Co-planarWaveguide, CPW)的混合结构,并采用该结构进行高选择性小型化滤波器的设计。该混合结构将CPW谐振器蚀刻于两个QMSIW谐振器的耦合窗口位置,CPW谐振器工作于谐振状态,拓展了滤波器的工作带宽,而且CPW引入了额外的电耦合,从而产生了带外零点,有力增强了频率选择性。同时,由于CPW蚀刻在QMSIW的耦合窗口位置,不会增加电路的面积,有益于电路的小型化。另外,为进一步增强频率选择性,将混合源负载耦合应用于滤波器设计中,与传统的源负载耦合结构相比,混合源负载耦合结构能够产生额外的传输零点,提高了滤波器的频率选择性。(4)提出了一种双模互补开口环谐振器(Complimentary Split Ring Resonator,CSRR)结构,并将其应用于半膜基片集成波导(HalfModeSIW,HMSIW)无源电路中。传统CSRR结构加载到SIW中可形成左手传输线,使得传输信号的频率远小于SIW的截止频率,从而有利于器件的小型化。但其不足的是工作带宽较窄、插入损耗高。本文基于传统双模谐振器,创新性地将双模谐振器的概念应用于互补谐振器中,形成了双模互补谐振器,从而有效提高了其工作带宽,同时也有效降低了其传输损耗,扩展了 CSRR的应用范围。另外,由于将双模CSRR加载于HMSIW中,传播信号的频率远小于其截止频率,电路面积大大减小,达到了与微带、CPW相比拟的水平,同时其保持了 SIW的特性,传输损耗更小。本文研究中,均是采用标准单层或者两层PCB工艺制作,加工简单、周期短、成本低。同时各个加工样品的理论分析、仿真以及测试结果均较为吻合,验证了本文研究工作的正确性以及有效性。
[Abstract]:Along with the people especially the growing demand for mobile communication technology of wireless technology, modern electronic system toward integration, miniaturization, low cost, multimode trend. Application of electronic systems of different modes, the electromagnetic space is more complex and is effective to select the desired signal while reducing band interference, on miniaturization. Microwave passive devices with high performance has become a hot topic. SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide, SIW) is a new type of planar wave guide structure, has a relatively high quality factor, low transmission loss, while the closed structure makes the radiation with low loss and high isolation. At present, SIW has become an important choice for microwave and millimeter wave circuit design, but because the SIW is similar to the waveguide, with cut-off frequency, occupy bigger circuit area in specific application, it is especially restricted in the microwave application of micro wave in the low frequency. Carry out systematic study on miniaturization of passive devices based on the SIW, and completed a variety of miniaturization, design of microwave and millimeter wave devices with high performance. The main research work and innovations are as follows: (1) proposed a Novel Defected Ground Structure (Defected Ground Structure, DGS), and the applied to the SIW structure. The DGS uses a hairpin structure, effectively improve the equivalent capacitance, and parallel stub line to reduce the equivalent inductance, thereby reducing the loss, compared with other DGS structure, the proposed structure has the higher value of Q inhibition in the stopband frequency on the depth and the steep degree has obvious advantages. First of all, combined with the low pass characteristic of SIW structure properties and formation of DGS high pass band-pass response, slow wave effect generated by DGS makes the circuit more compact, at the same time as the band in the transmission mode, so in the passband It has low insertion loss and good return performance. Secondly, according to the traditional SIW power divider output port isolation of the problem of low power SIW based on the traditional magic T on the design of a loading the DGS divider, which is designed to overcome the traditional SIW power divider output port the problem of low degree of isolation, and has the advantages of small size and low loss. (2) proposed a hybrid resonant structure of SIW (Hybrid Substrate Integrated Waveguide, HMSIW), the metal wires embedded into the SIW cavity, so that the resonant structure there are two basic modes: TEM mode resonance and TE101 model. Using this resonator, a new filter design, two modes respectively to form a band, the dual band bandpass filter response. Because not related to the two working modes, two mutual coupling can be ignored, so the two bands can be alone Vertical design. At the same time, because the belt line structure embedded in the SIW cavity, does not occupy the additional circuit area, is conducive to miniaturization design. In addition, if the resonant frequency band line close to the SIW cavity resonance frequency, the phase flip effect with line structure resonance, according to the principle of signal phase cancellation, in filter stopband produce transmission zeros. At this point, SIW resonant cavity in non resonant state relative to the line structure, can be seen as the non resonant node, but the non resonant node technology the traditional single-mode structure, it can only produce a transmission zero point, this paper innovatively adopts stepped impedance resonators with multi resonant characteristics that can form two or more transmission zeros. This design breaks the traditional mode of non resonant node limits on the number of zeros, extends the application of node in the non resonant filter with high selectivity, the same as with threads. The circuit does not occupy the area, is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit. (3) the design of an integrated waveguide based on 1/4 mode substrate (Quarter-mode SIW, QMSIW) and coplanar waveguide (Co-planarWaveguide, CPW) of the hybrid structure, and the structure design of high selectivity miniaturized filter. The hybrid structure coupling window the position of the CPW resonator etched on two QMSIW resonators, CPW resonator in resonant state, expand the bandwidth of the CPW filter, and introduces the electric coupling of additional, resulting in a strong band zero, increases the frequency selectivity. At the same time, due to the CPW etching in the coupling window position QMSIW, the circuit will not increase the area is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit. In addition, in order to further enhance the frequency selectivity of the mixed source load coupling used in filter design, compared with the traditional source load coupling structure, hybrid Source load coupling structure capable of generating extra transmission zeros, improve the frequency selectivity of the filter. (4) proposed a dual-mode complementary split ring resonator (Complimentary Split Ring Resonator, CSRR) structure, and its application in semi membrane substrate integrated waveguide (HalfModeSIW, HMSIW). The traditional passive circuit structure of CSRR loading SIW can form a left-handed transmission line, the transmission signal frequency cutoff frequency is much smaller than that of SIW, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the device. But its shortcoming is working with narrow bandwidth and high insertion loss. In this paper, based on the traditional dual-mode resonator, innovativelinked dual-mode resonator is applied to the complementary resonator, the formation of the complementary mode resonator, which can effectively improve the working bandwidth, at the same time to reduce the transmission loss, expand the scope of application of CSRR. In addition, due to the dual mode CSRR loaded on HMSIW, The spread of the signal frequency is far less than the cut-off frequency, the circuit area is greatly reduced, and reached a comparable level of microstrip, CPW, at the same time, it keeps the characteristics of SIW, the transmission loss is smaller. In this study, are made by standard single or two layer PCB technology, simple processing, short cycle, low cost. At the same time, analysis of each sample processing theory, simulation and test results are consistent, verify the correctness and validity of this research work.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN713

【参考文献】