基于FPGA的快速检索算法研究与实现

发布时间：2018-02-15 00:40

本文关键词： FPGA 检索算法 CAM 快速检索 Modelsim仿真　出处：《河北科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：检索是根据用户需要找出有关信息的过程和技术,近年来Internet的应用迅猛发展,网络流量的高速增长,从而对路由器、网关等硬件互联设备的要求越来越高。不仅如此,在数据压缩、模式识别、高速缓存、高速数据处理、数据安全和数据加密等方面,快速检索都起着重要的作用。随着FPGA(Field Progrmmable Gate Array)技术的发展和成熟,内部资源的丰富,开发成本低、使用灵活等优势,使应用更加广泛。基于FPGA的快速检索算法研究与实现也是一种趋势,为各种实际应用提供灵活的设计。论文主要研究基于硬件的快速检索算法的设计与实现,首先介绍了FPGA结构和资源等情况,对工程开发流程和设计中需要注意条件进行说明,为更好实现算法奠定基础;然后对几种常见的检索算法进行阐述,介绍各种算法概念和特点,提出每个算法的实现结构,并对这几种算法进行分析,确定了内容可寻址存储器(CAM)快速检索方法;重点分析了CAM在FPGA如何实现的原理,深入研究利用FPGA内部资源灵活的实现CAM的方法,对使用两种资源实现CAM的两种方法进行简单比较。针对这两种实现方法进行了仿真,验证了单周期的匹配查找,达到快速检索数据的能力。并对不同应用两种实现方法各有优劣势进行说明,根据需求构建自身CAM设计。基于SRL16E实现CAM的方法,完成在不同网络数据帧格式转换实例中的应用,实现快速转发,并且在不同网络接口速率下进行了分析,从而通过实际应用例子更好说明利用FPGA实现CAM是灵活且快速检索方法。
[Abstract]:Retrieval is the process and technology to find out the relevant information according to the needs of users. In recent years, the application of Internet has developed rapidly and the network traffic has increased rapidly, so the requirements for hardware interconnection devices such as routers and gateways are becoming more and more high. Fast retrieval plays an important role in data compression, pattern recognition, cache, data processing, data security and data encryption. The advantages of low development cost and flexible use make it more widely used. The research and implementation of fast retrieval algorithm based on FPGA is also a trend. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the fast retrieval algorithm based on hardware. Firstly, the structure and resources of FPGA are introduced, and the process of engineering development and the conditions needing attention in the design are explained. To lay a foundation for better implementation of the algorithm, then several common retrieval algorithms are described, the concepts and characteristics of various algorithms are introduced, the implementation structure of each algorithm is proposed, and these algorithms are analyzed. The fast retrieval method of content addressable memory (CAM) is determined, the principle of how to implement CAM in FPGA is analyzed, and the method of using FPGA internal resources to realize CAM flexibly is deeply studied. This paper makes a simple comparison between the two methods of using two kinds of resources to realize CAM, and simulates the two methods, and verifies the matching lookup of single cycle. To achieve the ability of fast retrieval of data. The advantages and disadvantages of the two implementation methods of different applications are explained, and their own CAM design is constructed according to the requirements. The method of realizing CAM based on SRL16E is applied to different network data frame format conversion examples. The fast forwarding is realized and analyzed at different network interface rates. The practical application example shows that using FPGA to realize CAM is a flexible and fast retrieval method.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN791;TP391.3

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