牵引变流器的电磁兼容性分析

发布时间：2018-03-06 14:41

本文选题：牵引变流器　切入点：电磁干扰　出处：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：牵引变流器作为一个大功率的电压、电流转换装置,在电力机车的整个系统中发挥着极为重要的作用。同时,牵引变流器作为电力机车的主要电磁骚扰源,所引起的一系列电磁兼容性问题已经越来越受到重视。本文以CRH380AL型动车组的牵引变流器为研究对象,研究了牵引变流系统的电磁兼容性。首先,介绍了两点式和三点式牵引变流器的整体结构和基本原理。然后,根据开关函数理论,分析了四象限脉冲整流器、中间储能环节以及逆变器的工作原理、工作方式以及电路拓扑结构,并且应用ANSYS Simplorer搭建了整流器和逆变器的仿真模块。其次,介绍了脉冲宽度调制的基本原理,包括正弦脉冲宽度调制以及空间矢量脉冲宽度调制。针对整流部分和逆变部分采取不同的脉冲宽度调制方式,再结合变流器的控制理论,建立了整流器及逆变器的控制系统仿真模块,实现了对正弦脉冲宽度调制以及空间矢量脉冲宽度调制控制方式的仿真。然后,在ANSYS Simplorer的仿真平台上分别搭建了牵引变流系统的整流侧和逆变侧的仿真模型,并分析了其仿真结果的电压、电流波形的时域和频域特性。特别是谐波和共模骚扰特性。为了分析电机输入端的传导骚扰的情况,在ANSYS Maxwell有限元仿真软件上搭建了牵引电机的仿真模型。Simplorer和Maxwell的联合仿真结果表明寄生电容的值应该降到最低,以及在输出端添加滤波回路或者滤波器时,对于输出的高次谐波的抑制效果非常明显。最后,对牵引变流装置进行了现场实际的测试,通过测量不同工况下牵引系统周围磁场及谐波电流,得出在整个运行过程中,机车牵引变压器在2000-3000Hz频带范围内均存在明显骚扰信号,这对于载频为2000Hz、2300Hz和2600Hz的轨道电路闭塞区段可能构成干扰。
[Abstract]:As a high power voltage and current converter, traction converter plays a very important role in the whole system of electric locomotive. A series of electromagnetic compatibility problems have been paid more and more attention. In this paper, the traction converter of CRH380AL type EMU is taken as the research object, and the electromagnetic compatibility of traction converter system is studied. This paper introduces the whole structure and basic principle of two-point and three-point traction converter. Then, according to the switching function theory, the working principle of four-quadrant pulse rectifier, intermediate energy storage link and inverter are analyzed. The simulation module of rectifier and inverter is built with ANSYS Simplorer. Secondly, the basic principle of pulse width modulation is introduced. Including sinusoidal pulse width modulation and space vector pulse width modulation. The control system simulation module of rectifier and inverter is established, and the control mode of sinusoidal pulse width modulation and space vector pulse width modulation is simulated. The simulation models of the rectifier side and the inverter side of the traction converter system are built on the simulation platform of ANSYS Simplorer, and the voltage of the simulation results is analyzed. Time and frequency domain characteristics of current waveforms, especially harmonic and common-mode disturbance characteristics. The simulation model of traction motor Simplorer and Maxwell is built on the ANSYS Maxwell finite element simulation software. The results show that the parasitic capacitance should be reduced to the minimum, and the filter loop or filter should be added at the output end. The suppression effect of the high-order harmonic output is very obvious. Finally, the field test of the traction converter is carried out. By measuring the magnetic field and harmonic current around the traction system under different working conditions, it is concluded that in the whole operation process, There are obvious disturbance signals in the range of 2000-3000 Hz for locomotive traction transformer, which may interfere with the track circuit block with 2000Hz 2 300 Hz and 2 600 Hz.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U264.37;TN03

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