表贴组件自动拾取器控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 20:21

本文选题：自动拾取器　切入点：DSP　出处：《长春工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贴片机是把表贴组件贴装在印制电路板上的一种设备。随着印制电路板的诞生,电子技术迈向了新的时代,有效推动了电子组装领域的发展,贴片机就是在这样的背景下发展起来的。由于电子产品的大量生产,进一步促使了贴片机技术的快速进步。自动拾取器作为贴片机中最重要的部件,集成了贴片机系统中的大多数功能,是一种高度集成化的电子设备。它的速度和精度直接关系到着贴片机的性能。自动拾取器是贴片机配置的第一要素。早期的自动拾取器为机械对中的手动控制系统,贴装的速度较慢,很快被市场淘汰,取而代之的是目前的全自动视觉自动拾取器,它实现了自动拾取器系统的智能化。但是随着表贴组件的细微化,电子产品的高度集成化,对自动拾取器的技术水平还有更高的要求,因此,自动拾取器技术的提高是电子组装领域进步的核心部分。本文从自动拾取器的硬件电路设计和软件着手,详细阐述了自动拾取器的硬件构成和软件的实现。对于系统的硬件电路部分是以TI公司的28XX系列DSP为核心构成的数字信号处理电路,其中视觉系统是采用CMOS芯片(MT9V034)作为图像传感器实现的,为了降低脉冲干扰和椒盐噪声又兼顾图像的清晰度,系统中采用中值滤波和边缘检测算法对图像的进行去噪处理,自动拾取器的电机驱动电路包括采用Drv8312芯片的直线电机驱动电路和采用Drv8824芯片的步进电机驱动电路构成,分别实现了自动拾取器的z轴方向运动和θ轴方向运动,对于自动拾取器的气压系统,本文中采用PIC微控制器作为气压系统的主控制芯片,有效的分担了DSP的载荷,使自动拾取器系统的运动速度得到明显的提高。为了实现上位机和自动拾取器的友好互动,系统采用虚拟仪器LabVIEW编译上位机控制界面,提高了系统控制的实时性,同时系统中采用CAN通信和USB通信实现了上位机和下位机、以及下位机各节点的信息通信。最后,本文中通过LabVIEW编译的虚拟示波器对自动拾取器的运动控制进行了仿真和LabVIEW上位机界面的图像采集实验,得到了理想的波形和图像效果,证明了本课题的自动拾取器具备精度高和速度快的特点。
[Abstract]:With the birth of printed circuit board (PCB), electronic technology has entered a new era, which has effectively promoted the development of electronic assembly field. It is under this background that the placement machine is developed. Because of the mass production of electronic products, it further promotes the rapid progress of the technology of the placement machine. Automatic pick-up is the most important component in the placement machine. Integrated with most of the functions of the placement machine system, It is a highly integrated electronic device. Its speed and precision are directly related to the performance of the placement machine. Automatic pickup is the first element of the placement machine. The early automatic pickup is the manual control system in the mechanical pair. The speed of mounting is slow and is quickly eliminated by the market. Instead, the current automatic visual automatic pick-up system realizes the intelligence of the automatic pickup system. But with the refinement of the table-mount components, the electronic products are highly integrated. The improvement of automatic pickup technology is the core of the progress in the field of electronic assembly. This paper starts with the hardware circuit design and software design of the automatic pickup device. The hardware structure and software realization of the automatic pick-up device are described in detail. For the hardware circuit of the system, the digital signal processing circuit is composed of 28XX series DSP of TI Company. The vision system is realized by using CMOS chip MT9V034) as the image sensor. In order to reduce the pulse interference and salt and pepper noise, the median filter and edge detection algorithm are used to de-noise the image. The motor driving circuit of the automatic pickup consists of linear motor driving circuit using Drv8312 chip and step motor driving circuit using Drv8824 chip. The z axis movement and 胃 axis direction motion of automatic pickup device are realized, respectively. For the air pressure system of the automatic pickup, the PIC microcontroller is used as the main control chip of the air pressure system in this paper, which effectively shares the load of the DSP. In order to realize the friendly interaction between the upper computer and the automatic pickup, the system uses the virtual instrument LabVIEW to compile the upper computer control interface, which improves the real-time control of the system. At the same time, CAN communication and USB communication are used in the system to realize the information communication between the upper computer and the lower computer, as well as the nodes of the lower computer. Finally, In this paper, the motion control of the automatic pickup is simulated by the virtual oscilloscope compiled by LabVIEW and the image acquisition experiment of the LabVIEW upper computer interface is carried out, and the ideal waveform and image effect are obtained. It is proved that the automatic pickup has the characteristics of high precision and high speed.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN405

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