晶片分选设备工效学评价及优化设计

发布时间：2018-03-21 11:36

本文选题：晶片分选设备　切入点：RULA　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：该项目来源于某某电子有限公司的某型半自动晶片分选机外观优化设计项目。采用半自动晶片分选机进行晶片分选作业,一般采取坐姿方式进行,在作业过程中需要上肢长时间进行频繁的手工操作,是一种典型的手工作业工种,若晶片分选设备的设计不符合工效学原理,长时间频繁的的手工操作容易导致一系列肌肉骨骼疾病。因此,在优化设计的过程中需要更多地考虑工效学方面的因素,提高产品使用的舒适性。舒适性是人们一贯的追求,在产品优化设计过程中,根据产品特征和操作方式构建恰当的评估方法对当前产品进行工效学分析与评价,可以发现当前产品中存在的工效学问题并给出相应的优化设计方向。在优化设计方案完成后,对选定的设计方案进行实验评估验证,可以确保产品符合工效学原理,从而提高产品使用的舒适性,降低工人患肌肉骨骼疾病的风险。在对合作企业总经理和工程师进行用户访谈后,了解了产品主要使用人群、晶片分选作业的流程以及晶片分选作业过程中人机交互的关键接触点。然后,对该型需要改进的晶片分选机的工作空间进行了了分析,针对目标使用人群,参照国家标准选取相关的人体尺寸数据,对晶片分选机的基本尺寸数据进行了计算并给出了参考值。此外,对产品目标使用人群进行了用户访谈,了解他们在操作过程遇到的问题,在此基础上构建了晶片分选作业的用户体验地图,将用户在操作过程中各关键接触点处的问题进行了可视化呈现,帮助设计师更好的了解用户使用过程中遇到的问题。根据晶片分选作业作业的特征,构建了基于用户作业姿势的工效学评价方法,即以RULA快速上肢测评为主,以工作空间和用户使用产品的主观舒适度评估为辅的评价方法,并给出了相应的评价指标。利用该方法对当前产品进行了评估,找出了当前产品中存在的问题并给出了相应的优化设计方向。最后,进行了晶片分选机的外观优化设计工作,根据之前实验评估给出的优化设计方向,结合用户需求分析的结果,设计了多款产品外观方案,通过德尔菲法对设计方案进行了筛选,并用之前构建的评估方法对选定的设计方案进行了验证评估,确保优化方案符合工效学要求。本研究的成果包括:针对目标使用人群对产品基本尺寸进行了重新计算并给出了推荐值;构建了晶片分选作业用户体验地图来直观展示用户使用产品时遇到的问题;基于晶片分选作业的特征构建了相应的工效学评估方法;对合作企业需要进行改进的某型产品进行了工效学评估实验,找出了其中存在的问题并给出了相应的优化设计方向;设计了多款晶片分选机的外观方案,并从中筛选出最优方案,实验评估结果显示该方案极大的提升了用户操作过程中的舒适性。
[Abstract]:The project is derived from the appearance optimization design project of a semi-automatic wafer separator in some electronic co., Ltd. The semi-automatic wafer separator is used for wafer sorting, which is generally carried out by sitting posture. In the process of operation, the upper limbs need frequent manual operation for a long time, so it is a typical manual work type. If the design of the wafer sorting equipment does not conform to the ergonomics principle, Frequent manual manipulation for a long time can easily lead to a series of musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, more ergonomic factors should be taken into account in the process of optimization design to improve the comfort of the products. In the process of product optimization design, an appropriate evaluation method is constructed according to the product characteristics and operation mode to analyze and evaluate the current product ergonomically. The ergonomics problems existing in the current products can be found and the corresponding optimal design direction can be given. After the completion of the optimal design scheme, the selected design scheme can be evaluated and verified experimentally, which can ensure that the product conforms to the ergonomics principle. In order to improve the comfort of product use and reduce the risk of workers suffering from musculoskeletal diseases. After user interviews with the general manager and engineers of the joint venture, we learned about the main users of the products. The process of wafer sorting and the key contact point of man-machine interaction in the process of wafer sorting. Then, the workspace of the chip sorting machine needed to be improved is analyzed, aiming at the target users. The basic size data of the wafer separator are calculated and the reference values are given according to the relevant human dimension data selected from the national standard. In addition, the user interviews with the target users of the product are carried out. On the basis of understanding the problems they encountered in the operation process, the user experience map of the wafer sorting operation was constructed, and the problems at the key contact points of the user during the operation were visualized. According to the characteristics of wafer sorting operation, an ergonomic evaluation method based on user's job posture is constructed, which is based on RULA fast upper limb evaluation. The evaluation method is supplemented by the subjective comfort evaluation of the products used by the users and the workspace, and the corresponding evaluation indexes are given. The current products are evaluated by this method. The problems existing in the current product are found and the corresponding optimal design direction is given. Finally, the appearance optimization design of the wafer separator is carried out, and the optimal design direction is given according to the previous experimental evaluation. Based on the results of user demand analysis, several product appearance schemes are designed, and the design schemes are screened by Delphi method. The selected design schemes are verified and evaluated by the previous evaluation methods. The results of this study include: the basic size of the product is recalculated for the target users and the recommended value is given; The user experience map of the wafer sorting operation is constructed to show the problems encountered when the user uses the product directly, and the corresponding ergonomics evaluation method is constructed based on the characteristics of the wafer sorting operation. The ergonomics evaluation experiment of a kind of product needed to be improved in the cooperative enterprise is carried out, the existing problems are found out and the corresponding optimum design direction is given, and the appearance scheme of many kinds of wafer separator is designed. The experimental results show that the scheme greatly improves the comfort of the user.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN05

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