激光互相关测距系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 10:33

本文选题：激光测距 + 互相关　；参考：《西安工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着激光、电子等相关技术的快速发展,激光测距技术在航空航天、大地测量、工程建筑、工业、军事等领域上得到了广泛的应用。同无线电以及微波相比,激光探测系统接收的回波信号受到不同材料目标的特性影响。这些因素主要与目标的直径、距离、辐射角度、表面反射率等有关,而目标材料的这些特性又与其自身的颜色、大小、材质、表面粗糙程度等有关,这会影响激光测距系统的测距精度。因此,研究不同材料的目标的回波特性,对于提高激光测距系统的测距精度是很有必要的。本论文对不同材料的目标回波特性进行分析,研究了光滑表面和粗糙表面的反射特性。从激光发射功率和探测方程入手进行定性分析,得到不同材料的目标的激光回波特性。对互相关理论进行分析,采用互相关算法进行激光测距。通过建立发射接收的数学模型,借助互相关算法,通过推导,得出互相关测距的优势,用软件和实际的波形进行分析验证。最后设计激光测距电路,搭建实验测试平台。在搭建完实验平台后,分别用报纸板,绿纸板,木板三种不同材料的目标进行实验。实验分为三组,分别为相同距离下不同目标的实验,相同距离下不同采样速率的实验,不同距离不同材料目标的实验。通过对实验结果进行分析,对不同材料的目标采用互相关算法进行测距可以改善测距的精度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of laser, electronics and other related technologies, laser ranging technology has been widely used in aerospace, geodesy, engineering, construction, industry, military and other fields. Compared with radio and microwave, the echo signal received by laser detection system is affected by the characteristics of different material targets. These factors are mainly related to the diameter, distance, radiation angle, surface reflectivity of the target, and these properties of the target material are related to its own color, size, material quality, surface roughness, etc. This will affect the accuracy of the laser ranging system. Therefore, it is necessary to study the echo characteristics of different materials in order to improve the ranging accuracy of laser ranging system. In this paper, the target echo characteristics of different materials are analyzed, and the reflection characteristics of smooth and rough surfaces are studied. The laser echo characteristics of different materials are obtained by qualitative analysis based on laser emission power and detection equation. The cross correlation theory is analyzed and the laser ranging is carried out by cross correlation algorithm. By establishing the mathematical model of transmitting and receiving, with the aid of cross-correlation algorithm and derivation, the advantages of cross-correlation ranging are obtained, which are analyzed and verified by software and actual waveforms. Finally, the laser ranging circuit is designed and the experimental test platform is built. After setting up the experiment platform, the paper board, green board and plank were used to carry out the experiment. The experiment is divided into three groups: the experiment of different target at the same distance, the experiment of different sampling rate at the same distance, and the experiment of different material target at different distance. By analyzing the experimental results, the accuracy of ranging can be improved by using cross-correlation algorithm to measure the target of different materials.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN249

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