CMOS全集成纳瓦功耗微能量收集电路的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-06-29 19:27

本文选题：物联网 + 能量收集　；参考：《南京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着物联网的飞速发展,作为传统电池替代品的微能量收集技术逐渐成为国内外研究的热点。本文基于SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺,分别设计了采集振动能和多种输入能源的能量收集电路。两款电路均采用纳瓦功耗设计技术,并对传统电路进行性能优化与结构创新,使整体电路表现出更好的性能,从而使其更适用于环境微能量的采集与电能管理。文中提出的压电式振动能收集电路主要包括整流电路、峰值检测电路、零电压检测电路、零电流检测电路、基准电流源、LDO电路、异步逻辑控制电路和后备转换器。其中,低功耗基准电流源为系统提供较高精度的参考电流和电压,高稳定性LDO电路为外部传感器节点提供稳定的电源电压,异步逻辑控制电路能合理控制系统的每一次能量提取过程,后备转换器能提高能量收集电路的环境适应能力和对振动能的利用率。仿真结果表明:整体电路的静态电流可低至111nA,能量转换效率可高至89.4%。此外,该电路还具有面积小、集成度高、环境适应能力强以及全自主运行的特点。基于上述电路的研究成果,同时设计了一款采集环境振动能、微光能和热能的纳瓦功耗自供电多输入源能量收集电路。该电路主要包括压电式振动能接口电路,微光能接口电路,热能接口电路,Buck-Boost变换器,零电流检测电路,优先级控制电路以及振荡消除电路。其中,压电式振动能接口电路中的低功耗有源整流器能提高振动能的转换效率,无源自启动电路则使系统在无电池供电的情况下完成自启动过程;微光能或热能接口电路中的FOCV MPPT电路能较准确地跟踪到光电或热电转换器的最大输出功率点;优先级控制电路能合理安排能量提取的顺序以使系统能有序高效地提取到各个输入源中的能量。仿真结果表明:电路的静态电流能低至100nA,在单个输入能源提取时电路的最大转换效率可达83.6%,而在多种输入能源同时提取时则为71.5%;经测试,多输入源能量收集芯片能使系统自启动,并在控制电路的作用下,将输入能量存储到输出电容CDD中,以实现芯片的自供电。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the Internet of things, micro-energy collection technology, as a traditional battery substitute, has gradually become a hot spot at home and abroad. In this paper, based on SMIC 0.18 渭 m CMOS process, the energy collection circuits for collecting vibration energy and various input energy sources are designed respectively. Both circuits adopt the technology of Nawa power design, and optimize the performance and structure of the traditional circuits, so that the whole circuit has better performance, so that it is more suitable for the acquisition of environmental micro-energy and the management of electric energy. The piezoelectric vibration energy collection circuit proposed in this paper mainly includes rectifier circuit, peak detection circuit, zero voltage detection circuit, zero current detection circuit, reference current source LDO circuit, asynchronous logic control circuit and backup converter. Among them, the low power reference current source provides high precision reference current and voltage for the system, and the high stability LDO circuit provides the stable power supply voltage for the external sensor node. The asynchronous logic control circuit can reasonably control every energy extraction process of the system, and the backup converter can improve the adaptability of the energy collection circuit and the utilization rate of the vibration energy. The simulation results show that the static current of the whole circuit can be as low as 111 na, and the energy conversion efficiency can be as high as 89. 4%. In addition, the circuit has the characteristics of small area, high integration, strong adaptability to the environment and fully autonomous operation. Based on the research results of the circuits mentioned above, a self-supply multi-input energy collection circuit with nanowatt power consumption is designed for collecting ambient vibration energy, low light energy and heat energy. The circuit includes piezoelectric vibratory energy interface circuit, low light energy interface circuit, heat energy interface circuit Buck-Boost converter, zero current detection circuit, priority control circuit and oscillation cancellation circuit. Among them, the low-power active rectifier in the piezoelectric vibration energy interface circuit can improve the conversion efficiency of vibration energy. The FOCV MPPT circuit in the low light energy or thermal energy interface circuit can accurately track the maximum output power point of the photoelectric or thermoelectric converter. The priority control circuit can arrange the order of energy extraction so that the system can extract the energy from each input source in an orderly and efficient manner. The simulation results show that the static current energy of the circuit is as low as 100 na, and the maximum conversion efficiency of the circuit can reach 83.6 when a single input energy is extracted, and 71.5 at the same time when the input energy is extracted simultaneously. The multi-input energy collection chip can make the system self-start, and the input energy can be stored in the output capacitor CDD under the action of the control circuit to realize the self-supply of the chip.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN432

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