高精度激光三角测量距离系统的研究与设计
发布时间：2018-08-26 14:36
【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,人们在生产、生活和工作中对各方面的要求不断提高,有许许多多的问题亟待解决,其中距离测量技术的重要性日益被人们重视。70年代在美国的贝尔实验室线阵CCD(Charge Coupled Device)光电测量仪的出现,使测量技术有了很大的提高。相比于其他的测距仪,线阵CCD构成的传感测距系统不仅能实现非接触测量,而且在测量的速度、准确度、重复性等方面具有优势,安装调节也很便捷。本论文广泛调研了国内外测距技术的现状,分析了激光三角测距的原理和线阵CCD的基本原理。以激光三角法为前端,以线阵CCD为核心光电转换器件,设计了性能先进的一款激光三角测距系统。包含前端设置模块、CCD光电转化模块、CCD驱动模块、信号二值化模块、单片机信号识别处理模块以及最终的数码管显示模块。本系统的激光笔固定在游标卡尺上,激光笔发射出的激光照射在CCD表面的一层遮光布上,经过光积分和光生电荷转移阶段后,将光信号转化为电信号输出,对输出电信号进行预处理、二值化处理后,单片机识别激光照射位置的信息量,最终由数码管显示出激光笔在游标卡尺上移动的距离。设计的硬件电路主要有CCD驱动电路、信号处理电路、LED显示电路、中央处理电路,编写了相应软件程序,经过一系列的软硬件调试过程和实验过程,系统能实时的显示激光位置的信息量,实现对距离的测量。激光三角测距系统,相对与传统方式有了很大的突破,其特点主要表现在测量准确度高,系统结构简单,性能稳定,有利于广泛推广使用。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, people's demands on all aspects of production, life and work have been raised constantly, and there are many problems to be solved. Among them, the importance of distance measurement technology has been paid more and more attention to. The appearance of Bell Labs linear array CCD (Charge Coupled Device) photoelectric measuring instrument in America in the 1970s has greatly improved the measurement technology. Compared with other rangefinders, linear CCD sensor ranging system not only can realize non-contact measurement, but also has advantages in measuring speed, accuracy, repeatability and so on, and it is also convenient to install and adjust. In this paper, the current situation of ranging technology at home and abroad is investigated, and the principle of laser triangulation ranging and the basic principle of linear CCD are analyzed. A laser triangulation ranging system with advanced performance is designed with laser triangulation as the front end and linear CCD as the core photoelectric conversion device. It includes a front-end setting module, a CCD photoelectric conversion module, a CCD driving module, a signal binarization module, a single-chip microcomputer signal recognition and processing module and a final digital tube display module. The laser pen of the system is fixed on the Vernier caliper. The laser emitted by the laser pen is illuminated on a layer of shading cloth on the surface of the CCD. After the stage of optical integration and photogenerated charge transfer, the light signal is converted into the output of electrical signal. After preprocessing the output electric signal, the single-chip computer can recognize the information of the laser irradiation position, and finally display the distance of the laser pen moving on the Vernier caliper by the digital tube. The hardware circuit is mainly composed of CCD drive circuit, signal processing circuit, CCD display circuit, central processing circuit, the corresponding software program is written, after a series of software and hardware debugging process and experimental process, The system can display the information of laser position in real time and measure the distance. The laser triangulation ranging system has made a great breakthrough in comparison with the traditional method. Its characteristics are high measurement accuracy, simple system structure and stable performance, which is conducive to wide application.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN249
本文编号：2205175
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, people's demands on all aspects of production, life and work have been raised constantly, and there are many problems to be solved. Among them, the importance of distance measurement technology has been paid more and more attention to. The appearance of Bell Labs linear array CCD (Charge Coupled Device) photoelectric measuring instrument in America in the 1970s has greatly improved the measurement technology. Compared with other rangefinders, linear CCD sensor ranging system not only can realize non-contact measurement, but also has advantages in measuring speed, accuracy, repeatability and so on, and it is also convenient to install and adjust. In this paper, the current situation of ranging technology at home and abroad is investigated, and the principle of laser triangulation ranging and the basic principle of linear CCD are analyzed. A laser triangulation ranging system with advanced performance is designed with laser triangulation as the front end and linear CCD as the core photoelectric conversion device. It includes a front-end setting module, a CCD photoelectric conversion module, a CCD driving module, a signal binarization module, a single-chip microcomputer signal recognition and processing module and a final digital tube display module. The laser pen of the system is fixed on the Vernier caliper. The laser emitted by the laser pen is illuminated on a layer of shading cloth on the surface of the CCD. After the stage of optical integration and photogenerated charge transfer, the light signal is converted into the output of electrical signal. After preprocessing the output electric signal, the single-chip computer can recognize the information of the laser irradiation position, and finally display the distance of the laser pen moving on the Vernier caliper by the digital tube. The hardware circuit is mainly composed of CCD drive circuit, signal processing circuit, CCD display circuit, central processing circuit, the corresponding software program is written, after a series of software and hardware debugging process and experimental process, The system can display the information of laser position in real time and measure the distance. The laser triangulation ranging system has made a great breakthrough in comparison with the traditional method. Its characteristics are high measurement accuracy, simple system structure and stable performance, which is conducive to wide application.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN249
【共引文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 邹泽华;基于光子晶体滤波和量子点光谱转换的日盲紫外成像装置研究[D];太原理工大学;2015年
，本文编号：2205175
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/dianzigongchenglunwen/2205175.html
