有源电力滤波器设计及其多机并联策略研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 11:18

【摘要】：随着我国工业化的高速发展,越来越多的非线性负载应用到电网中,其产生的大量无功和谐波电流对电网造成了严重污染。有源电力滤波器(APF)作为一种有效抑制谐波和补偿无功的电力电子装置,受到越来越多的关注。针对单台有源电力滤波器补偿率高,但是容量较小的缺点,目前的研究趋势是将多台小容量APF并联,增大整个系统的补偿容量。然而传统的有源电力滤波器并联系统控制策略并未对并联系统的功率损耗和使用寿命做优化,在谐波电流较小的工况下,会造成并联系统中的多台APF长期运行在空载或轻载状态下,造成大量不必要的功率损耗和使用寿命损耗。因此,研究一种有效的APF多机并联策略,在兼顾使用寿命的同时使整个系统损耗的功率最小,是个非常有意义的方向。本文在研究单台有源电力滤波器的基础上,提出一种APF多机并联策略,解决了APF多机并联系统中不必要的功率损耗和使用寿命损耗问题。首先,阐述了有源电力滤波器基本工作原理和控制系统,详细介绍了三电平I型APF的主要硬件设计方案和软件结构设计方案,设计并研制了容量为100A的三电平有源电力滤波器样机。其次对目前常见的APF并联方案进行了比较,分析不同方案的优缺点,在传统的并联运行方案上提出了一种新型的APF并联方案,该方案在保证补偿性能的前提下,能通过优化使整个并联系统功率损耗最少并且每台APF运行时间相同。本文对该并联系统在MATLAB环境下建模,对并联系统在负载突变和热拔插状态下的动态响应速度和可靠性进行了仿真,实验结果证明了该并联系统的可靠性。最后在实际测试单台APF功率损耗曲线的基础上,在MATLAB环境下利用YALMIP工具箱建立并联系统功率损耗与使用寿命仿真模型,以某炼钢厂电弧炉工作一天产生的谐波作为谐波源进行仿真,仿真结果表明在采用并联策略后能有效减少并联系统的功率损耗和运行时间,证明了并联策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrialization in China, more and more nonlinear loads are applied to the power network, which produces a large number of reactive power and harmonic currents, which cause serious pollution to the power network. Active power filter (APF), as a kind of power electronic device which can effectively suppress harmonics and compensate reactive power, has attracted more and more attention. Because the compensation rate of single active power filter is high, but the capacity is small, the current research trend is to increase the compensation capacity of the whole system by connecting several small capacity APF in parallel. However, the traditional control strategy of APF shunt system does not optimize the power loss and service life of the shunt system. It will cause many APF in parallel system to run in no-load or light-load state for a long time, which will cause a lot of unnecessary power loss and service life loss. Therefore, it is very meaningful to study an effective parallel strategy for APF, which can minimize the power loss of the whole system while taking into account the service life. Based on the study of a single active power filter, this paper presents a APF multi-machine parallel strategy, which solves the unnecessary power loss and service life loss in the APF multi-machine parallel system. Firstly, the basic working principle and control system of active power filter are introduced, and the main hardware design and software structure design scheme of three-level I APF are introduced in detail. A three-level active power filter prototype with capacity of 100A is designed and developed. Secondly, the common parallel APF schemes are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of different schemes are analyzed. A new parallel APF parallel scheme is proposed in the traditional parallel operation scheme, which ensures the compensation performance. The power loss of the whole parallel system can be minimized by optimization and the running time of each APF is the same. In this paper, the parallel system is modeled in MATLAB environment, and the dynamic response speed and reliability of the parallel system under load sudden change and hot pull-in state are simulated. The experimental results prove the reliability of the parallel system. Finally, on the basis of testing the power loss curve of a single APF, the power loss and service life simulation model of parallel system is established by using YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB environment. The harmonic produced by an arc furnace in a steelmaking plant is used as the harmonic source. The simulation results show that the parallel strategy can effectively reduce the power loss and operation time of the parallel system. The effectiveness of the parallel strategy is proved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN713.8;TM761

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