基于超材料的太赫兹与长波红外探测方法研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 10:12
【摘要】：近些年来,探索将射频和光频成像探测技术相融合的有效方法和技术措施,已成为国际国内的一个研究热点,受到了广泛关注和重视。基础研究表明,发展基于超材料的太赫兹成像探测方法,可为实现真正意义上的射频、光频一体化图像信息捕获提供可能手段。超材料是一种人工复合材料,拥有独特的电磁传输、介电和物质作用属性。基于特殊需求设计的图案化微纳介电结构,可使其介电和磁导系数呈现所需要的量值甚至负值从而呈现特殊物性。一般而言,频率约在0.1~10THz范围内的太赫兹波处在特殊电磁谱段,具有光频、射频二元波谱属性。太赫兹成像探测技术,具有较射频更高的成像分辨率、对比度和均匀性,以及较光频更大的穿透深度和更远的观察与作用距离。迄今为止,能有效探测太赫兹和长波红外辐射的材料及功能架构极端缺乏。超材料的出现,为解决这一问题带来了契机。本文主要针对基于超材料的太赫兹和长波红外辐射探测结构开展研究工作,主要内容和创新点如下:基于纳米金属模和高纯砷化镓复合结构,分别构建了多种太赫兹与长波红外超材料探测架构。利用该架构与入射电磁波的共振响应特性,可以得到更佳的探测效能,通过调变超材料架构的结构形貌和特征尺寸,可以有效改变其基于辐射探测的共振频率;利用有限元法和自适应网格加密技术,对所构建的超材料探测架构的电、磁特性以及表面瞬态电流分布特性进行了仿真计算;利用传输矩阵算法模拟了超材料探测架构的传输率特性;通过优化结构和参数配置,确定了超材料探测架构的结构特征和核心参数指标;根据阵列化超材料探测架构的结构特征与制作工艺要求,设计了典型器件及其变体的形貌结构指标,基于标准微电子工艺完成了多组器件的制作、测评及封装;设计了信号测试电路,搭建了器件测试平台,获得了特征光电响应特性,基于测试结果与仿真数据,分析并规划了进一步的技术发展路线;通过综合太赫兹成像探测和太赫兹相控阵的结构特征,设计了一种太赫兹相控阵并完成了结构制作和测试,比较和分析了这种结构通过不同阵元相位的调节来达到最强探测输出,该探测方法较传统方法具有更高的探测波束扫描速度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, exploring the effective methods and technical measures of combining radio-frequency imaging and optical frequency imaging detection technology has become a research hotspot at home and abroad, and has received extensive attention and attention. The basic research shows that the development of terahertz imaging detection method based on metamaterials can provide a possible means for the realization of real radio-frequency and optic-frequency integrated image information acquisition. Metamaterials are artificial composites with unique electromagnetic transmission, dielectric and material properties. The patterned micro-nano dielectric structure designed based on special requirements can make the dielectric and magnetic conductance coefficients present the required values or even negative values and thus present special physical properties. In general, terahertz waves with frequencies in the range of 0.1~10THz are in special electromagnetic spectrum, and have the properties of optical frequency and radio frequency binary spectrum. Terahertz imaging detection technology has higher imaging resolution, greater contrast and uniformity, greater penetration depth and longer observation and action distance than radiofrequency. To date, there is an extreme shortage of materials and functional structures capable of effectively detecting terahertz and long-wave infrared radiation. The emergence of metamaterials brings an opportunity to solve this problem. This paper mainly focuses on terahertz and long-wave infrared radiation detection structures based on metamaterials. The main contents and innovations are as follows: based on nano-metal mode and high-purity gallium arsenide composite structure, Several terahertz and long wave infrared metamaterials detection architectures are constructed. By using the resonance response characteristics of the structure and the incident electromagnetic wave, the detection efficiency can be obtained, and the resonance frequency based on radiation detection can be changed effectively by changing the structure morphology and characteristic size of the supermaterial structure. By using finite element method and adaptive mesh encryption technique, the electrical, magnetic and surface transient current distribution characteristics of the supermaterial detection architecture are simulated and calculated. The transmission rate characteristics of the metamaterial detection architecture are simulated by using the transfer matrix algorithm, and the structural characteristics and core parameters of the metamaterial detection architecture are determined by optimizing the structure and parameter configuration. According to the structural characteristics and fabrication process requirements of the array supermaterial detection architecture, the morphologies and structure indexes of typical devices and their variants are designed, and the fabrication, evaluation and packaging of multiple devices are completed based on the standard microelectronic technology. The signal test circuit is designed, the device testing platform is built, and the characteristic photoelectric response characteristic is obtained. Based on the test results and simulation data, the further technical development route is analyzed and planned. A terahertz phased array is designed by synthesizing the structure characteristics of terahertz imaging detection and terahertz phased array. It is compared and analyzed that the structure achieves the strongest detection output by adjusting the phase of different array elements. The detection method has higher scanning speed than the traditional method.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN215;O441
[Abstract]:In recent years, exploring the effective methods and technical measures of combining radio-frequency imaging and optical frequency imaging detection technology has become a research hotspot at home and abroad, and has received extensive attention and attention. The basic research shows that the development of terahertz imaging detection method based on metamaterials can provide a possible means for the realization of real radio-frequency and optic-frequency integrated image information acquisition. Metamaterials are artificial composites with unique electromagnetic transmission, dielectric and material properties. The patterned micro-nano dielectric structure designed based on special requirements can make the dielectric and magnetic conductance coefficients present the required values or even negative values and thus present special physical properties. In general, terahertz waves with frequencies in the range of 0.1~10THz are in special electromagnetic spectrum, and have the properties of optical frequency and radio frequency binary spectrum. Terahertz imaging detection technology has higher imaging resolution, greater contrast and uniformity, greater penetration depth and longer observation and action distance than radiofrequency. To date, there is an extreme shortage of materials and functional structures capable of effectively detecting terahertz and long-wave infrared radiation. The emergence of metamaterials brings an opportunity to solve this problem. This paper mainly focuses on terahertz and long-wave infrared radiation detection structures based on metamaterials. The main contents and innovations are as follows: based on nano-metal mode and high-purity gallium arsenide composite structure, Several terahertz and long wave infrared metamaterials detection architectures are constructed. By using the resonance response characteristics of the structure and the incident electromagnetic wave, the detection efficiency can be obtained, and the resonance frequency based on radiation detection can be changed effectively by changing the structure morphology and characteristic size of the supermaterial structure. By using finite element method and adaptive mesh encryption technique, the electrical, magnetic and surface transient current distribution characteristics of the supermaterial detection architecture are simulated and calculated. The transmission rate characteristics of the metamaterial detection architecture are simulated by using the transfer matrix algorithm, and the structural characteristics and core parameters of the metamaterial detection architecture are determined by optimizing the structure and parameter configuration. According to the structural characteristics and fabrication process requirements of the array supermaterial detection architecture, the morphologies and structure indexes of typical devices and their variants are designed, and the fabrication, evaluation and packaging of multiple devices are completed based on the standard microelectronic technology. The signal test circuit is designed, the device testing platform is built, and the characteristic photoelectric response characteristic is obtained. Based on the test results and simulation data, the further technical development route is analyzed and planned. A terahertz phased array is designed by synthesizing the structure characteristics of terahertz imaging detection and terahertz phased array. It is compared and analyzed that the structure achieves the strongest detection output by adjusting the phase of different array elements. The detection method has higher scanning speed than the traditional method.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN215;O441
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