基于PXI总线的高速图像采集模块的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-26 15:39

【摘要】：随着红外探测技术的迅猛发展,图像采集系统对数据的大容量存储、快速吞吐和接口可靠性互联提出了更高的设计要求。为了实现对红外探测器的功能测试,设计了一种大容量数据高速存储采集与控制的模块,本文主要探讨数据高速存储、通用接口互联以及FPGA的可靠性设计。为了实现大容量数据的可靠高速存储,本文设计了基于FPGA的NAND Flash高速大容量存储架构。首先,利用NAND Flash各逻辑单元独立操作的特性,设计了基于4逻辑单元NAND Flash的片内流水线的存储结构;之后,通过并行流转的方法设计了CameraLink、PXI接口到Flash的数据传输缓存控制单元,实现多片Flash的并行读写控制;最后,设计了提高寻址效率的Flash无效块管理方案。为了实现采集模块与计算机的通用互联,解决高速图像采集控制卡在分时操作系统(Windows)下实时性差、不稳定、控制复杂等问题,设计了基于嵌入式实时操作系统Vx Works的PXI总线控制接口。由PCI9054实现PXI总线的本地端逻辑,结合VxWorks中PXI设备驱动的特点,开发了可移植的计算机软件控制接口。通过DMA控制,数据在模块与计算机之间高速传输。针对测试中出现的亚稳态的情况,分别从时钟设计与相位控制、双锁存器设计、复位处理和描述语言风格状态机几方面提出了可行的设计,提高了FPGA设计的可靠性。通过搭建Vx Works测试平台,对各项设计指标和功能进行了测试,模块能够实现对50MHz/16Bit红外图像数据的连续高速可靠存取,通过PXI总线数据读取速度达到33MB/s,模块工作可靠稳定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of infrared detection technology, the image acquisition system has put forward higher design requirements for large capacity data storage, fast throughput and interface reliability interconnection. In order to test the function of infrared detector, a module of high speed storage and control of large capacity data is designed. This paper mainly discusses the design of high speed data storage, general interface interconnection and reliability design of FPGA. In order to realize the reliable high-speed storage of large-capacity data, the NAND Flash high-speed and large-capacity storage architecture based on FPGA is designed in this paper. Firstly, the on-chip pipeline storage structure based on 4 logic unit (NAND Flash) is designed by using the independent operation of each logic unit of NAND Flash. After that, the data transfer buffer control unit from CameraLink,PXI interface to Flash is designed by parallel flow method to realize the parallel reading and writing control of multiple Flash. Finally, a Flash invalid block management scheme is designed to improve the addressing efficiency. In order to realize the universal interconnection between the acquisition module and the computer, the high-speed image acquisition and control card can solve the problems of poor real-time, unstable and complex control under the time-sharing operating system (Windows). The PXI bus control interface based on embedded real-time operating system Vx Works is designed. The local logic of PXI bus is realized by PCI9054. Combining with the characteristics of PXI device driver in VxWorks, a portable computer software control interface is developed. Through the DMA control, the data is transmitted between the module and the computer at high speed. In view of the metastable state in the test, the feasible design is put forward from the aspects of clock design and phase control, double latch design, reset processing and description language style state machine, which improves the reliability of FPGA design. By setting up the Vx Works test platform, the design indexes and functions are tested. The module can realize the continuous high-speed and reliable access to the 50MHz/16Bit infrared image data, and the reading speed of the 50MHz/16Bit infrared image data through the PXI bus can reach 33MB / s. The module works reliably and stably.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN215;TP274.2

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