氢氧微火焰自动锡焊机的设计和PCB插件焊接工艺研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 14:34

【摘要】：水电解产生氢氧气相比传统的燃气工艺更安全、环保、高效。氢氧焊接机,是一种通过电解水产生高温氢氧焰的新型焊接设备,其应用领域非常广泛,可以取代绝大部分需要火焰焊的场合;应用其电解水产生的氢氧火焰作为焊接热源,具有环保、成本低、热量集中等优点。氢氧微火焰自动锡焊机,通过把水解氢氧焊接技术引入到自动化设备行业,将大大提高氢氧焊接的适用性、普及率和自动化水平,同时也将提高火焰焊接的质量与效率。PCB插件焊接工艺,是电子装联行业的一种基础锡焊工艺,随着电子产业的微型化、精密化发展,自动锡焊技术必将取代人工焊接,完成人工不能完成的焊接工艺。氢氧微火焰自动锡焊机在PCB插件焊接中的应用,相比其它自动锡焊技术有生产柔性高、不损伤元器件等独特的优势,但其工艺流程及参数确定能够依据的理论经验几乎没有,因此,通过试验的方法来进行探索是一条困难却有效的途径。本文在分析PCB插件焊接工艺特点的基础上,通过功能模块化设计思想,设计出一种结构简单、操作方便、效率高的数字化氢氧微火焰自动锡焊机系统。此自动控制系统的硬件结构主要由XYZR机械手结构、步进及伺服驱动器、MCU示教器、ARM+FPGA控制器、光电传感器、磁性传感器及丝杆、夹具末端执行器等结构组成,完成了对微火焰发生模块、送丝模块、焊接工艺模块、焊点定位模块四个功能模块的硬件结构设计。在硬件结构的基础上,通过对关键工艺流程的分析,设计出基于Keil uVision 5.15开发环境的下位机控制器软件及基于C#语言的上位机示教器界面,经过调试,满足控制软件的设计功能。最后,通过对PCB插件焊接工艺的理论研究,结合此自动控制系统的软硬件结构,设计出合理的试验技术路线,并经过大量试验与焊点缺陷分析,以及对关键参数进行正交试验优化,获得了基本满足技术指标的工艺参数。本文的主要的贡献是:1.研制出氢氧微火焰自动锡焊机样机,包括软件及硬件系统;2.基于PCB插件锡焊工艺的理论研究,通过试验确定了行之有效的工艺参数。
[Abstract]:Water electrolysis produces hydrogen and oxygen more safely, environmentally and efficiently than traditional gas technology. Hydrogen oxygen welding machine is a new type of welding equipment which produces high temperature hydrogen oxygen flame through electrolytic water. It can be used in a wide range of fields and can replace most of the situations where flame welding is needed. The hydrogen and oxygen flame produced by electrolytic water is used as welding heat source, which has the advantages of environmental protection, low cost and heat concentration. By introducing the hydrolysate hydrogen oxygen welding technology into the automation equipment industry, the applicability, popularity and automation level of the hydrogen oxygen welding will be greatly improved. At the same time, it will also improve the quality and efficiency of flame welding. PCB plug-in welding process is a basic tin welding process in electronic assembly industry. With the miniaturization and precision development of electronic industry, automatic tin welding technology will replace manual welding. Complete manual welding process. Compared with other automatic tin welding technology, the application of hydrogen oxygen micro-flame automatic tin welding machine in PCB plug-in welding has many unique advantages, such as high production flexibility and no damage to components, but there is almost no theoretical experience on which the process flow and parameters can be determined. Therefore, it is a difficult but effective way to explore by means of experiment. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of welding technology of PCB plug-in, this paper designs a digital automatic tin welding system with simple structure, convenient operation and high efficiency by means of functional modularization design. The hardware structure of this automatic control system is mainly composed of XYZR manipulator structure, step and servo driver, ARM FPGA controller of MCU teacher, photoelectric sensor, magnetic sensor and wire rod, end actuator of fixture, etc. The hardware structure design of four functional modules, such as micro-flame generation module, wire feeding module, welding process module and solder joint positioning module, is completed. Based on the hardware structure and the analysis of the key technological process, the software of the lower computer controller based on Keil uVision 5.15 and the interface of the upper computer teacher based on C # language are designed and debugged. Meet the design function of control software. Finally, through the theoretical study of welding process of PCB plug-in, combining with the software and hardware structure of the automatic control system, a reasonable test technical route is designed, and a large number of tests and analysis of solder joint defects are made. The key parameters were optimized by orthogonal test, and the process parameters which basically met the technical specifications were obtained. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. The prototype of hydrogen oxygen micro flame automatic tin welding machine is developed, including software and hardware system. 2. Based on the theoretical research of PCB plug-in tin welding process, the effective process parameters are determined by experiments.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN41

【相似文献】