基于PSD的激光微角检测系统设计
发布时间：2018-12-07 08:03
【摘要】：微角度测量在日常生活以及工业制造测试领域一直占据着重要的位置,以往机械式的测试方法已不足以满足当代工业发展的需求,测试过程自动化、数字化是目前微角度测试方法的主要研究方向。在众多微角测试方法中,光学测角法以其准确度高、非接触测量的优势而被运用最多。针对火炮出厂前的校瞄工作,存在自动化程度不高,测试结果分辨率、精度低的缺点,设计了一种新颖的激光微角检测校瞄系统。该系统由位置灵敏探测器(PSD)、准直平行激光管与二维精密旋转控制器构成,采用光电转换和信号处理技术,可实时获取火炮炮膛的微角偏移量,完成了高精度的测试,有效地改善了传统校瞄方法的不足。结合课题研究的基本目标,深入研究了激光作为光学测角法光源的优良特性;设计了检测系统的硬件组成,并对系统各部分硬件进行了分析和选型;对系统进行了现场测试,通过对测试数据、测试条件及误差的各项分析,进一步说明了本系统相比于传统校瞄方法在精度、分辨率以及效率等方面都有很大提高。实验测试结果表明,该系统可在炮膛仰角0°~70°范围内对炮膛的微角偏移量进行全程测试,其分辨率可达到0.001°,可广泛应用于不同口径火炮炮膛的校瞄工作中。
[Abstract]:Micro-angle measurement has always occupied an important position in the field of daily life and industrial manufacturing testing. The mechanical testing methods used in the past are not enough to meet the needs of modern industrial development, and the test process is automated. Digitization is the main research direction of micro angle measurement. Among the many micro-angle measurement methods, optical angulation method is widely used because of its high accuracy and non-contact measurement. Aiming at the shortcomings of low automation, low resolution and low precision in the calibration of artillery before it is out of factory, a novel laser micro-angle detecting and pointing system is designed. The system is composed of a position sensitive detector (PSD), collimating parallel laser tube and a two-dimensional precise rotation controller. By using photoelectric conversion and signal processing techniques, the micro-angle offset of the gun chamber can be obtained in real time, and the high precision test is completed. The shortcomings of the traditional calibration methods are effectively improved. Combined with the basic goal of the research, the excellent characteristics of laser as the optical angle-measuring light source are deeply studied, the hardware composition of the detection system is designed, and the hardware of each part of the system is analyzed and selected. Through the analysis of test data, test conditions and errors, it is further proved that compared with the traditional calibration method, the system has a great improvement in precision, resolution and efficiency. The experimental results show that the system can be used to measure the micro angle offset of the gun in the range of 0 掳~ 70 掳, and its resolution can reach 0.001 掳. The system can be widely used in the calibration of gun bore with different caliber.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ306;TN249
本文编号：2366876
[Abstract]:Micro-angle measurement has always occupied an important position in the field of daily life and industrial manufacturing testing. The mechanical testing methods used in the past are not enough to meet the needs of modern industrial development, and the test process is automated. Digitization is the main research direction of micro angle measurement. Among the many micro-angle measurement methods, optical angulation method is widely used because of its high accuracy and non-contact measurement. Aiming at the shortcomings of low automation, low resolution and low precision in the calibration of artillery before it is out of factory, a novel laser micro-angle detecting and pointing system is designed. The system is composed of a position sensitive detector (PSD), collimating parallel laser tube and a two-dimensional precise rotation controller. By using photoelectric conversion and signal processing techniques, the micro-angle offset of the gun chamber can be obtained in real time, and the high precision test is completed. The shortcomings of the traditional calibration methods are effectively improved. Combined with the basic goal of the research, the excellent characteristics of laser as the optical angle-measuring light source are deeply studied, the hardware composition of the detection system is designed, and the hardware of each part of the system is analyzed and selected. Through the analysis of test data, test conditions and errors, it is further proved that compared with the traditional calibration method, the system has a great improvement in precision, resolution and efficiency. The experimental results show that the system can be used to measure the micro angle offset of the gun in the range of 0 掳~ 70 掳, and its resolution can reach 0.001 掳. The system can be widely used in the calibration of gun bore with different caliber.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ306;TN249
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