分布式光纤振动传感系统技术的研究与实现
发布时间：2018-12-09 19:17
【摘要】：分布式光纤传感技术是近些年来发展比较迅速、应用较为广泛的一项传感技术,由于其成本较低,具有良好的隐蔽性,更有灵敏度高、耐高温、耐腐蚀和抗电磁干扰能力强等优越特性,其在边境安全、社区安全、长距离管道监测、地震监测以及建筑结构监测等领域具有广阔的使用前景。目前对分布式光纤传感技术的研究重点主要是光纤传感结构的改进,而对其信号的处理尤其是特征参数的提取则研究较少。而衡量一个分布式光纤传感系统的性能优劣不仅要看其是否能够感知外部扰动,更要看其是否能够精确识别该扰动为外部环境扰动还是入侵行为。为了能够更好的识别分析入侵振动信号,通过研究分析分布式光纤传感结构和振动信号识别的相关技术,根据振动信号的特点,借鉴语音信号的处理方法,将其处理方法引入到对光纤振动信号的处理分析上来。本论文在介绍分布式光纤传感基本原理的基础上,重点介绍了目前应用比较多的几类光纤传感结构,在对比分析其优缺点后选取马赫-增德尔光纤传感结构为本论文的光纤传感结构;然后分别从时域、频域和语音信号识别算法上介绍了几类常用的信号处理算法,分析各算法优劣,最终从频域和语音信号识别算法中各选取一种算法进行对比分析。接着介绍了本论文所设计的系统架构,重点是上位机系统,主要包括前端交互界面、数据存储以及算法处理分析模块;最后通过实验采集下雨和入侵两类信号,分别用两种不同的算法对其进行处理分析,结果证明基于语音信号处理的算法不仅可以应用到光纤振动信号的分析上来,而且其识别精度更高。
[Abstract]:Distributed optical fiber sensing technology is a kind of sensing technology which has been developed rapidly and widely used in recent years, because of its low cost, good concealment, high sensitivity and high temperature resistance. Because of its excellent characteristics such as corrosion resistance and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, it has broad application prospects in the fields of border security, community safety, long-distance pipeline monitoring, seismic monitoring and building structure monitoring and so on. At present, the research focus of distributed optical fiber sensing technology is the improvement of optical fiber sensing structure, but the signal processing, especially the extraction of characteristic parameters, is less studied. The performance of a distributed optical fiber sensing system depends not only on whether it can perceive the external disturbance, but also on whether it can accurately identify the disturbance as an external disturbance or an intrusion behavior. In order to identify and analyze the intrusion vibration signal better, through the research and analysis of the distributed optical fiber sensor structure and vibration signal recognition technology, according to the characteristics of the vibration signal, the speech signal processing method is used for reference. Its processing method is introduced to the analysis of the optical fiber vibration signal processing. On the basis of introducing the basic principle of distributed optical fiber sensing, this paper focuses on several kinds of optical fiber sensing structures, which are widely used at present. After comparing and analyzing its merits and demerits, we choose Mah-Zendel optical fiber sensing structure as the optical fiber sensing structure in this paper. Then, several kinds of common signal processing algorithms are introduced from time domain, frequency domain and speech signal recognition algorithms, and the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm are analyzed. Finally, one algorithm is selected from frequency domain and speech signal recognition algorithm to compare and analyze. Then the paper introduces the architecture of the system, which focuses on the host computer system, including the front-end interface, data storage and algorithm processing and analysis module; Finally, two kinds of signals, rain and intrusion, are collected and analyzed by two different algorithms. The results show that the algorithm based on speech signal processing can not only be applied to the analysis of optical fiber vibration signal. And its recognition accuracy is higher.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN253
本文编号：2369897
[Abstract]:Distributed optical fiber sensing technology is a kind of sensing technology which has been developed rapidly and widely used in recent years, because of its low cost, good concealment, high sensitivity and high temperature resistance. Because of its excellent characteristics such as corrosion resistance and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, it has broad application prospects in the fields of border security, community safety, long-distance pipeline monitoring, seismic monitoring and building structure monitoring and so on. At present, the research focus of distributed optical fiber sensing technology is the improvement of optical fiber sensing structure, but the signal processing, especially the extraction of characteristic parameters, is less studied. The performance of a distributed optical fiber sensing system depends not only on whether it can perceive the external disturbance, but also on whether it can accurately identify the disturbance as an external disturbance or an intrusion behavior. In order to identify and analyze the intrusion vibration signal better, through the research and analysis of the distributed optical fiber sensor structure and vibration signal recognition technology, according to the characteristics of the vibration signal, the speech signal processing method is used for reference. Its processing method is introduced to the analysis of the optical fiber vibration signal processing. On the basis of introducing the basic principle of distributed optical fiber sensing, this paper focuses on several kinds of optical fiber sensing structures, which are widely used at present. After comparing and analyzing its merits and demerits, we choose Mah-Zendel optical fiber sensing structure as the optical fiber sensing structure in this paper. Then, several kinds of common signal processing algorithms are introduced from time domain, frequency domain and speech signal recognition algorithms, and the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm are analyzed. Finally, one algorithm is selected from frequency domain and speech signal recognition algorithm to compare and analyze. Then the paper introduces the architecture of the system, which focuses on the host computer system, including the front-end interface, data storage and algorithm processing and analysis module; Finally, two kinds of signals, rain and intrusion, are collected and analyzed by two different algorithms. The results show that the algorithm based on speech signal processing can not only be applied to the analysis of optical fiber vibration signal. And its recognition accuracy is higher.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN253
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