集成小型化混频器的研究
发布时间：2019-03-08 20:29
【摘要】：为了适应具有较宽频率带宽比的信号,在高频接收机前面促进上变频的发生,同时提高接收机灵敏度,设计高性能无源混频器可以使原始设备厂商优化接收机设计,这样的混频器在军方应用和民用场合都很有用。最原始的单端和单平衡的无源二极管混频器由于较差的端口隔离度和中频端口输出频率低等缺点逐渐受到摒弃。随后出现的平衡混频器由于较宽的本振和射频工作带宽、较高的端口间隔离度、较大的输入三阶交调截点IP3等广泛受到研发工程师的青睐,但其存在插入损耗通常为-6 dB甚至更大和本振功率10 dBm左右的缺点。有源混频器由于电路结构比较复杂,特别是应用于微波频段时,用微带线制作的话尺寸会很大,不利于电路的集成,与器件小型化发展趋势背道而驰。故微波通信中无源器件的小型化研究工作仍存在着未攻克的难关。本文首先从小型化混频器研究背景及意义开始,依次介绍其历史、国内外研究现状及发展态势;接着详细解释了混频器工作原理,分析混频器各项性能参数概念及其计算方法;然后深入研究平面巴伦理论,对平面巴伦进行仿真验证及改进分析,在此基础上引入多层Marchand巴伦结构以实现小型化,并仿真验证性能指标。本文研制的混频器在综合对比不同混频器结构基础上,选择双平衡混频器电路结构,采用Avago公司的HSMS2827芯片作为环形二极管堆,利用SPICE参数模型在ADS软件中对射频、本振回路的二极管对建模分析,仿真阻抗频率特性,为巴伦阻抗匹配提供初值。分析与研究多层Marchand巴伦各项指标,基于LTCC工艺在三维高频电磁仿真软件HFSS中建模和改进,通过模型改进对比,选择级联巴伦结构进行混频器巴伦设计。对射频、中频、本振巴伦进行优化仿真,导出SNP文件后联合二极管模型进行级联仿真,保证小型化宽带混频器的性能。本文详细地介绍了双平衡混频器的设计流程,采用级联巴伦以提高带宽,并且在中频处添加中频巴伦以提高隔离度,最终对混频器进行了加工测试。研制的混频器射频、本振工作带宽为3-7GHz,中频工作带宽DC-2GHz,在3-7GHz带宽内变频损耗为-10~-6dB之间,三阶交调截点IP3大于10 dBm,本振端口到射频端口之间隔离度大于35 dB,本振端口到中频端口之间隔离度大于13dB。综上,本文研制的双平衡混频器频带宽、隔离度高,达到工程应用要求。
[Abstract]:In order to adapt to the signal with a wide frequency-bandwidth ratio, the up-conversion occurs in front of the high-frequency receiver and the sensitivity of the receiver is improved. The design of the high-performance passive mixer can make the original equipment manufacturer optimize the receiver design. Such mixers are useful for both military and civilian applications. The original single-ended and single-balanced passive diode mixers have been abandoned due to their poor port isolation and low output frequency at intermediate frequency ports. Due to the wide local oscillation and radio frequency bandwidth, high port spacing and large input third-order Intermodulation cut-off point (IP3), the balanced mixer has been widely favored by R & D engineers. However, the insertion loss is usually-6 dB or more and the local vibration power is about 10 dBm. Because of the complexity of circuit structure, especially in microwave frequency band, the size of active mixer made by microstrip wire is very large, which is not conducive to the integration of circuit, and runs counter to the trend of miniaturization of devices. Therefore, the research on miniaturization of passive components in microwave communication still has unconquered difficulties. This paper begins with the research background and significance of miniaturized mixer, introduces its history, current research situation and development trend at home and abroad, then explains the working principle of mixer in detail, analyzes the concept of performance parameters of mixer and its calculation method. Then, the planar Baron theory is deeply studied, and then the planar Baron is simulated, verified and improved. On this basis, the multilayer Marchand Baron structure is introduced to realize miniaturization, and the performance index is verified by simulation. Based on the comparison of different mixer structures, the double balanced mixer circuit structure is selected in this paper. The HSMS2827 chip of Avago Company is used as the ring diode stack, and the radio frequency of the ADS software is carried out by using the SPICE parameter model, and the circuit structure of the double balanced mixer is selected as the circuit structure of the double balanced mixer. The diode pair of the local vibration loop is modeled and analyzed, and the impedance frequency characteristic is simulated, which provides the initial value for the Baron impedance matching. The multi-layer Marchand Balun indexes are analyzed and studied. Based on the LTCC process, the three-dimensional high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is built and improved. Through the comparison of the improved models, the cascade Baron structure is selected to design the mixer Balun. The optimal simulation of RF, if, and local oscillator Barron is carried out. After the SNP file is derived, the combined diode model is used for cascade simulation to ensure the performance of miniaturized broadband mixer. In this paper, the design flow of double balanced mixer is introduced in detail. Cascade Balun is used to improve the bandwidth, and if Barron is added to the medium frequency to improve isolation. Finally, the mixer is processed and tested. The RF mixer is developed. The operating bandwidth of local oscillator is 3? 7 GHz, the if bandwidth DC-2GHz, is between-10~-6dB in 3-7GHz bandwidth, and the third-order Intermodulation cut-off point IP3 is more than 10 dBm,. Isolation between local port and RF port is greater than 35 dB, isolation between local port and intermediate frequency port is greater than 13 dB. In summary, the double-balanced mixer developed in this paper has wide band and high isolation, which meets the requirements of engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN773
本文编号：2437183
[Abstract]:In order to adapt to the signal with a wide frequency-bandwidth ratio, the up-conversion occurs in front of the high-frequency receiver and the sensitivity of the receiver is improved. The design of the high-performance passive mixer can make the original equipment manufacturer optimize the receiver design. Such mixers are useful for both military and civilian applications. The original single-ended and single-balanced passive diode mixers have been abandoned due to their poor port isolation and low output frequency at intermediate frequency ports. Due to the wide local oscillation and radio frequency bandwidth, high port spacing and large input third-order Intermodulation cut-off point (IP3), the balanced mixer has been widely favored by R & D engineers. However, the insertion loss is usually-6 dB or more and the local vibration power is about 10 dBm. Because of the complexity of circuit structure, especially in microwave frequency band, the size of active mixer made by microstrip wire is very large, which is not conducive to the integration of circuit, and runs counter to the trend of miniaturization of devices. Therefore, the research on miniaturization of passive components in microwave communication still has unconquered difficulties. This paper begins with the research background and significance of miniaturized mixer, introduces its history, current research situation and development trend at home and abroad, then explains the working principle of mixer in detail, analyzes the concept of performance parameters of mixer and its calculation method. Then, the planar Baron theory is deeply studied, and then the planar Baron is simulated, verified and improved. On this basis, the multilayer Marchand Baron structure is introduced to realize miniaturization, and the performance index is verified by simulation. Based on the comparison of different mixer structures, the double balanced mixer circuit structure is selected in this paper. The HSMS2827 chip of Avago Company is used as the ring diode stack, and the radio frequency of the ADS software is carried out by using the SPICE parameter model, and the circuit structure of the double balanced mixer is selected as the circuit structure of the double balanced mixer. The diode pair of the local vibration loop is modeled and analyzed, and the impedance frequency characteristic is simulated, which provides the initial value for the Baron impedance matching. The multi-layer Marchand Balun indexes are analyzed and studied. Based on the LTCC process, the three-dimensional high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is built and improved. Through the comparison of the improved models, the cascade Baron structure is selected to design the mixer Balun. The optimal simulation of RF, if, and local oscillator Barron is carried out. After the SNP file is derived, the combined diode model is used for cascade simulation to ensure the performance of miniaturized broadband mixer. In this paper, the design flow of double balanced mixer is introduced in detail. Cascade Balun is used to improve the bandwidth, and if Barron is added to the medium frequency to improve isolation. Finally, the mixer is processed and tested. The RF mixer is developed. The operating bandwidth of local oscillator is 3? 7 GHz, the if bandwidth DC-2GHz, is between-10~-6dB in 3-7GHz bandwidth, and the third-order Intermodulation cut-off point IP3 is more than 10 dBm,. Isolation between local port and RF port is greater than 35 dB, isolation between local port and intermediate frequency port is greater than 13 dB. In summary, the double-balanced mixer developed in this paper has wide band and high isolation, which meets the requirements of engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN773
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 徐贺;S波段接收机射频前端研究与设计[D];西安电子科技大学;2013年
2 刘招林;移动终端系统中混频器的设计与分析[D];北京交通大学;2008年
，本文编号：2437183
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