基于预测控制的三相三线制并联型有源电力滤波器补偿研究

发布时间：2019-03-19 16:25

【摘要】：随着电力电子和半导体技术的发展,各种非线性设备大量使用,导致电能质量恶化,给输电、配电等环节造成了不可估量的损失。有源电力滤波器具有谐波实时跟踪补偿、动态性能好、补偿精度高等优点,受到了广泛的研究和关注。本文主要对并联型有源电力滤波器进行研究,在谐波电流检测环节采用传统的瞬时无功功率理论下的ip-iq算法,由于该方法对谐波电流的跟踪性能好,成为有源电力滤波器中主要的检测谐波电流的手段,文中对影响ip-iq算法精度的两个重要的环节锁相环和数字低通滤波器进行了设计,通过对多种滤波器的性能比较,选出在精度和响应速度最优的滤波器。对有源电力滤波器补偿存在滞后的问题,文中采用预测控制方法对补偿电流进行预测控制,较传统的单步预测,不能完全消除补偿延时,采用的是提前两拍预测方法,不仅可以消除电流器动作时间滞后,还可以消除检测滞后的问题,提出了拉格朗日外插值预测和改进重复控制预测方法。对直流侧电容电压稳定控制,启动时为了防止冲击电流过大,对电容及变流器主电路造成损坏,采用软启动的方式对直流侧电容充电；在补偿时为了保证直流侧电容电压的稳定,采用PI控制器调节直流侧电容电压的稳定。同时为了监测有源电力滤波器是否可以完全补偿电网谐波、检测有源电力滤波器是否正常运行,实现对有源电力滤波器的远程监管、安全维护等。本文采用有源电力滤波器和高精度谐波检测结合的方法,在高精度谐波分析中针对FFT存在的存在的问题,采用一种加Kaiser窗双谱线插值的FFT算法,并对插值函数结构复杂难于求解的问题,提出一种三次样条插值拟合插值函数的方法,提高分析精度。最后在MATLAB/Simulink进行建模和仿真,包括谐波检测部分、预测控制部分、直流侧PI控制部分,分别在负载稳定和负载突变的情形下验证了本文中使用的各种控制方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the development of power electronics and semiconductor technology, a large number of non-linear devices are used, which leads to the deterioration of power quality, resulting in inestimable losses to transmission, distribution and other links. Active power filter (APF), which has the advantages of harmonic real-time tracking compensation, good dynamic performance and high compensation precision, has been widely studied and paid attention to. In this paper, the parallel active power filter (APF) is mainly studied. The ip-iq algorithm based on the traditional instantaneous reactive power theory is used in harmonic current detection, because this method has good tracking performance for harmonic current. As the main means of detecting harmonic current in active power filter, this paper designs two important links of phase-locked loop and digital low-pass filter which affect the precision of ip-iq algorithm, and compares the performance of various filters. The filter with optimal precision and response speed is selected. In this paper, the predictive control method is used to control the compensation current. Compared with the traditional single-step prediction, the compensation delay can not be completely eliminated, and the two-beat prediction method is adopted in advance. It can not only eliminate the time lag of current operation, but also eliminate the problem of detection delay. A new prediction method based on Lagrangian external interpolation and improved repetitive control prediction is proposed in this paper. In order to control the voltage stability of the capacitor on the DC side, in order to prevent the impact current from being too large and to damage the main circuit of the capacitor and the converter, the DC side capacitor is charged by soft start method. In order to ensure the stability of DC side capacitor voltage, PI controller is used to adjust the DC side capacitor voltage stability. At the same time, in order to monitor whether the active power filter can fully compensate the harmonics of the power grid, detect whether the active power filter is running normally, realize the remote supervision and security maintenance of the active power filter. In this paper, an active power filter (APF) combined with high-precision harmonic detection is used to solve the problem of FFT, and a FFT algorithm with Kaiser window bispectral line interpolation is used to solve the problems in high-precision harmonic analysis. In order to improve the analytical accuracy, a cubic spline interpolation method is proposed to fit the interpolation function, which is difficult to be solved by the complex structure of the interpolation function. Finally, modeling and simulation in MATLAB/Simulink, including harmonic detection part, predictive control part, DC side PI control part, respectively in the case of load stability and load mutation to verify the correctness of the various control methods used in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN713.8

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