行波管电子枪的准确模拟与分析
发布时间：2019-03-30 19:35
【摘要】：行波管自诞生以来就得到迅速发展和广泛应用。电子枪作为行波管的重要组成部分,对整管的工作性能起着决定性的作用。在具体模拟时工作人员发现,电子枪模拟结果有时和实际工作状态吻合较好,而有时会出现明显不一致的情况。这是由于电子枪的数值计算是依赖电子光学CAD软件而实现的,而设计师在使用软件模拟电子枪时诸多参量一贯采用默认设置,从而导致模拟结果与实际工作状态出现差异。所以电子枪参量的准确设置是至关重要的。本文主要对影响电子枪模拟结果的重要参量,包括阴极材料属性、网格尺寸及虚阳极位置等进行了研究与分析。通过电子枪模型对这些参量进行模拟,研究得出准确的参量取值方法。并对不同的轴对称电子枪和栅控电子枪模型进行分析模拟,验证了取值方法的合理性。研究结果表明,功函数和温度对阴极电流影响很大,因根据实际测量设置,通常取在可稳定发射的范围内;在保证收敛情况下,选取相对较大网格值来提高模拟效率;人为设置的虚阳极位置严重影响发射电流,通过比较我们认为,应选择阴极电流曲线极值点处作为虚阳极的准确位置。本文对影响电子枪模拟结果的其他重要参量,如:有限元阶次、局部对称计算、自适应及求解维数等也进行了研究与分析。将这些参量分别对栅控电子枪和轴对称电子枪两类模型进行模拟,并得到变化曲线。研究得出,准确模拟电子枪时,可首先选择有限元线性插值、1/4局部对称、非自适应和三维计算。通过分析这些参量,可以将模拟结果、计算时间和占用资源三部分进行更好的协调,在保证计算精度的前提下提高模拟效率。本文提出了轴对称及栅控电子枪重要参量的取值方法。通过电子枪模型,分别采用本文提出的与软件默认的两种参数设置方法进行模拟,并将其仿真结果进行对比。研究结果表明本文提出的参数取值方法具有重要作用与意义,为同行业内人士提供了方便有效的模拟仿真流程,缩短了电子枪的优化周期,避免了不必要的人力和材料等资源的浪费。
[Abstract]:Traveling wave tube (TWT) has been rapidly developed and widely used since its birth. As an important part of traveling wave tube (TWT), electron gun plays a decisive role in the performance of the whole tube. During the simulation, it is found that the simulation results of electron gun are in good agreement with the actual working state, and sometimes there are obvious inconsistencies. This is because the numerical calculation of electron gun depends on the electron optics CAD software, and the designer always uses default setting when simulating electron gun with software, which results in the difference between the simulation result and the actual working state. Therefore, the accurate setting of electron gun parameters is very important. In this paper, the important parameters affecting the simulation results of electron gun, including the properties of cathode material, grid size and virtual anode position, are studied and analyzed. These parameters are simulated by electron gun model, and the accurate parameter selection method is obtained. The different models of axisymmetric electron gun and gate controlled electron gun are analyzed and simulated, and the rationality of the method is verified. The results show that the work function and temperature have a great influence on the cathodic current because it is usually within the range of stable emission according to the actual measurement setting and the relatively large grid value is chosen to improve the simulation efficiency under the condition of ensuring convergence. The position of artificial virtual anode seriously affects the emission current. We think that the extreme point of cathodic current curve should be chosen as the exact position of virtual anode. Other important parameters affecting the simulation results of electron gun, such as finite element order, local symmetry calculation, self-adaptation and solving dimension, are also studied and analyzed in this paper. These parameters are used to simulate the gate-controlled electron gun and the axisymmetric electron gun, and the variation curves are obtained. It is found that the finite element linear interpolation, 1 ~ 4 local symmetry, non-adaptive and three-dimensional calculation can be selected in the accurate simulation of electron gun. Through the analysis of these parameters, the simulation results, calculation time and resources can be better coordinated, and the simulation efficiency can be improved on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of calculation. In this paper, a method for determining the important parameters of axisymmetric and gate-controlled electron gun is presented. By means of electron gun model, two methods of parameter setting, which are proposed in this paper and software default, are used to simulate, and the simulation results are compared with each other. The results show that the method proposed in this paper has an important role and significance. It provides a convenient and effective simulation flow for the peers in the industry, and shortens the optimization period of electron gun. It avoids unnecessary waste of resources such as manpower and materials.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN124
本文编号：2450412
[Abstract]:Traveling wave tube (TWT) has been rapidly developed and widely used since its birth. As an important part of traveling wave tube (TWT), electron gun plays a decisive role in the performance of the whole tube. During the simulation, it is found that the simulation results of electron gun are in good agreement with the actual working state, and sometimes there are obvious inconsistencies. This is because the numerical calculation of electron gun depends on the electron optics CAD software, and the designer always uses default setting when simulating electron gun with software, which results in the difference between the simulation result and the actual working state. Therefore, the accurate setting of electron gun parameters is very important. In this paper, the important parameters affecting the simulation results of electron gun, including the properties of cathode material, grid size and virtual anode position, are studied and analyzed. These parameters are simulated by electron gun model, and the accurate parameter selection method is obtained. The different models of axisymmetric electron gun and gate controlled electron gun are analyzed and simulated, and the rationality of the method is verified. The results show that the work function and temperature have a great influence on the cathodic current because it is usually within the range of stable emission according to the actual measurement setting and the relatively large grid value is chosen to improve the simulation efficiency under the condition of ensuring convergence. The position of artificial virtual anode seriously affects the emission current. We think that the extreme point of cathodic current curve should be chosen as the exact position of virtual anode. Other important parameters affecting the simulation results of electron gun, such as finite element order, local symmetry calculation, self-adaptation and solving dimension, are also studied and analyzed in this paper. These parameters are used to simulate the gate-controlled electron gun and the axisymmetric electron gun, and the variation curves are obtained. It is found that the finite element linear interpolation, 1 ~ 4 local symmetry, non-adaptive and three-dimensional calculation can be selected in the accurate simulation of electron gun. Through the analysis of these parameters, the simulation results, calculation time and resources can be better coordinated, and the simulation efficiency can be improved on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of calculation. In this paper, a method for determining the important parameters of axisymmetric and gate-controlled electron gun is presented. By means of electron gun model, two methods of parameter setting, which are proposed in this paper and software default, are used to simulate, and the simulation results are compared with each other. The results show that the method proposed in this paper has an important role and significance. It provides a convenient and effective simulation flow for the peers in the industry, and shortens the optimization period of electron gun. It avoids unnecessary waste of resources such as manpower and materials.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN124
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