可用于能量采集的低压高驱动能力电荷泵的研究与设计

发布时间：2019-05-17 13:59

【摘要】：纳米集成的快速发展促进了新一类小型电子系统的出现,如智能尘埃传感器、生物医疗植入等。在这些应用中,电池的维护和更换十分困难,且花费昂贵。对于这类电子系统,可以利用温差发电器、光伏电池和压电转换器等能量采集器件,从周围环境中收集能量来解决供电问题。然而,这些能量采集器件的输出电压通常较低,无法直接用于集成电路供电。因此,需要使用直流升压转换器来提高能量采集器件的输出电压。电感式直流变换器可以在很低的电压下工作,并取得较高的效率,但是通常需要使用片外电感。电荷泵电路也能实现电压转换的功能,且仅由开关和电容组成,可以完全集成在芯片内部。因此,在一些对体积有严格限制的应用中,采用电荷泵电路作为电压转换器是更好的选择。在低压应用中,传统电荷泵电路的输出特性通常较差。而本文提出的电荷泵电路在低输入电压下仍然能够获得相对较大的输出电流。本文采用了时钟倍压电路来提高时钟信号的摆幅,并利用高摆幅时钟信号作为电荷泵电路的时钟输入。在高摆幅时钟的驱动下,电荷泵电路中的电荷传输开关的导通电阻大幅度减小,这使得电荷泵的输出电压更高,负载能力更强,所需的级数更少。在0.3V输入电压,1V输出电压的情况下,本文提出的电荷泵电路的输出电流是普通结构的三倍以上。本文最后还采用了脉冲跳跃调制方案,该方案使得电荷泵电路的输出电压在负载电流变化时保持恒定。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of nanointegration has promoted the emergence of a new class of small electronic systems, such as intelligent dust sensors, biomedical implantation and so on. In these applications, battery maintenance and replacement is very difficult and expensive. For this kind of electronic system, the energy acquisition devices such as temperature difference generator, photovoltaic cell and piezoelectric converter can be used to collect energy from the surrounding environment to solve the power supply problem. However, the output voltage of these energy acquisition devices is usually low and can not be directly used in integrated circuit power supply. Therefore, DC boost converter is needed to improve the output voltage of energy acquisition device. Inductance DC converter can work at very low voltage and achieve high efficiency, but it is usually necessary to use off-chip inductance. The charge pump circuit can also realize the function of voltage conversion, and is only composed of switches and capacitors, which can be fully integrated into the chip. Therefore, in some applications with strict limitations on volume, it is a better choice to use charge pump circuit as voltage converter. In low voltage application, the output characteristics of traditional charge pump circuits are usually poor. However, the charge pump circuit proposed in this paper can still obtain a relatively large output current at low input voltage. In this paper, the clock doubling circuit is used to improve the swing of the clock signal, and the high swing clock signal is used as the clock input of the charge pump circuit. Driven by a high swing clock, the on-resistance of the charge transfer switch in the charge pump circuit is greatly reduced, which makes the output voltage of the charge pump higher, the load capacity stronger and the required order less. Under the condition of 0.3V input voltage and 1V output voltage, the output current of the charge pump circuit proposed in this paper is more than three times of that of the ordinary structure. At the end of this paper, the pulse jump modulation scheme is adopted, which makes the output voltage of the charge pump circuit constant when the load current changes.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN432

【共引文献】