城市地震预防与减灾管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 21:34

本文关键词： 城市防震减灾管理能力评价体系　出处：《西安工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一个地震灾害频发的国家,从古到今我国遭受了严重的地震灾害,造成人民生命和财产的巨大损失,在此过程中我们也在不断探索研究降低灾害造成的损失,加上如今城镇化的加速进展,一旦发生地震灾害,对于城市而已损失将不可估计。所以对于一个城市的防震减灾管理能力的评价研究是我们当前抵御地震灾害的必要前提,也是开展防震减灾救援工作的重要保障。文章介绍了地震灾害对我国城市带来的不同方面的影响,为了使我们在管理城市防震减灾方面更加全面,通过文献资料查阅,找出学者研究的遗漏之处,并提出本论文研究课题。通过研究分析地震灾害的原理和特点,探索防震减灾的基本理论,为了在管理城市防震减灾方面更加全面,通过文献资料对国内外城市防震减灾管理能力的对比,结合国内两次代表性的地震灾害分析,最终通过对指标的筛选,构建了防震减灾管理能力评价指标体系。包括地方政府防震减灾管理体系、专业救援队防震减灾管理体系、社会基础建设单位防震减灾管理体系、专业志愿者防震减灾管理体系、社区防震减灾管理体系等一级指标及其所对应的17个二级指标。采用专家打分法得出两两判断矩阵,运用层次分析法计算得出一级指标和二级指标的权重。计算出主要指标以及对应的子指标具体权重,并通过一致性检验,最终对权重进行排名并确定其重要程度。通过对西安市进行实证分析,采用对西安市民调查问卷的方法进行数据统计,并运用模糊评价分析计算进行检验。得出结果与层次分析法得出权重排名进行综合对比。按照城市防震减灾管理重要程度排序,可以看出,西安市地方政府防震减灾管理体系和社区防震减灾管理体系两方面占的权重比较高,但是模糊综合评价值却一般,所以要重点加强此方面体系的建设。并对其他一级指标要进行不断的完善,再对应的二级指标中,对比结果仍然层次不齐,这代表着西安市防震减灾管理方面还存在不同程度的漏洞,接下来相关部门可以有针对性的进行完善,同时此研究方法也可用到评价其他城市防震减灾管理能力等方面。
[Abstract]:As a country with frequent earthquake disasters, our country has suffered serious earthquake disaster from ancient to present, resulting in huge loss of people's lives and property. In this process, we are also constantly exploring to reduce the damage caused by disasters, coupled with the acceleration of urbanization today, once earthquake disasters occur. Therefore, the evaluation and research on the ability of earthquake prevention and mitigation management of a city is a necessary prerequisite for us to resist the earthquake disaster at present. It is also an important guarantee to carry out earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and rescue work. This paper introduces the impact of earthquake disaster on different aspects of Chinese cities in order to make us more comprehensive in the management of urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. Through the reference of literature, find out the omission of scholars, and put forward the research topic of this paper. Through the research and analysis of the principle and characteristics of earthquake disaster, explore the basic theory of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. In order to manage urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction more comprehensively, through the comparison of domestic and foreign urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management capacity, combined with the domestic two representative earthquake disaster analysis, finally through the screening of indicators. The evaluation index system of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management ability including local government earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system, professional rescue team earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system, social infrastructure units earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system. Professional volunteers earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system, community earthquake disaster reduction management system and other first-level indicators and their corresponding 17 second-level indicators. Using the expert scoring method to obtain a pairwise judgment matrix. The weight of primary index and secondary index is calculated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The concrete weight of main index and corresponding sub-index is calculated, and the consistency test is passed. Finally, the weight of the ranking and determine its importance. Through the empirical analysis of Xi'an, the use of Xi'an citizens questionnaire method for data statistics. The results are compared with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). According to the importance degree of urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management, it can be seen. Xi'an local government earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system and community earthquake prevention and disaster reduction management system account for a high weight, but fuzzy comprehensive evaluation value is general. Therefore, we should focus on strengthening the construction of the system in this respect. And other first-level indicators to continue to improve, and then corresponding to the secondary indicators, the results of the comparison is still uneven. This represents the Xi'an City earthquake disaster reduction management there are still varying degrees of loopholes, the next relevant departments can be targeted to improve. At the same time, this research method can also be used to evaluate the management ability of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in other cities.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P315.9

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