内蒙赤峰兴盛永前梁沟泥石流风险性评价研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:43

本文关键词： 泥石流组合赋权危险性易损性风险性 ARCGIS　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是一个多灾的国家，其中各类地质灾害每年给国家和人民造成无法估量的损失和伤害。泥石流是一种最常见的地质灾害，由泥浆搬运着大量的松散碎石及碎屑物质组成。它的突发性强、速度快、破坏力强，一旦发生于人员密集区域，，带来的损害不可小视。泥石流的风险性评价，是防治泥石流灾害最基本的有效手段之一。这种方法会充分的评估现有的地质特征与泥石流之间的潜在关系，并对泥石流可能造成的损失做出最大限度的预估，最终给决策人员提供有力的参考情报。本文选择内蒙赤峰抽水蓄能电站下库区百岔河右岸的兴盛永前梁沟泥石流作为研究对象。对下库区两岸的26条泥石流沟进行数据收集，详细调查这些泥石流的发育背景和动力地质特征，对现场泥石流的成因和现状进行总结和分析。使用组合赋权法对兴盛永前梁沟泥石流进行危险性评价。选取单位面积物源量、轮廓圆度、最大相对高差等10个评价指标，通过主观方法和客观方法分别予以赋值，并最终计算出危险度。通过ARCGIS软件，提取距主沟距离和坡度等因子，对兴盛永前梁沟泥石流进行危险性分区。结合二者的结果进行危险性评价。根据现场实际情况，和兴盛永前梁沟的地理位置等因素，从当地的人口、经济入手对易损度进行计算，参考刘希林的单沟易损性评价模型对研究对象进行易损性评价，并使用ARCGIS软件对兴盛永前梁沟泥石流进行易损性分区。最后，依据联合国提出、经过刘希林改进的风险性计算公式“风险=危险度×易损度”，计算出兴盛永前梁沟泥石流的风险度。利用ARCGIS的叠加计算功能，将已得到的危险性和易损性分区图叠加，获得兴盛永前梁沟泥石流的风险性分区图。
[Abstract]:China is a country with many disasters, among which all kinds of geological disasters cause incalculable losses and injuries to the country and people every year. Debris flow is the most common geological hazard. It is composed of a large amount of loose gravel and debris material carried by mud, which is sudden, fast and destructive. Once it occurs in a densely populated area, the damage caused by it should not be underestimated. The risk assessment of debris flow is one of the most basic effective methods to prevent debris flow disaster. This method can fully evaluate the potential relationship between the existing geological characteristics and debris flow. The possible damage caused by debris flow is predicted to the maximum extent, and finally the decision makers are provided with strong reference information. This paper chooses the Xingsheng Yongqian Lianggou debris flow in the right bank of the Baicha River in the Lower Baicha River Reservoir area of Chifeng pumped Storage Power Station in Inner Mongolia as the research object, and collects the data of 26 debris flow gullies on both sides of the lower reservoir area. The development background and dynamic geological characteristics of these debris flows are investigated in detail, and the causes and present situation of the field debris flow are summarized and analyzed. The combined weighting method is used to evaluate the risk of debris flow in Yongqian gully of Xingsheng. Ten evaluation indexes, such as source quantity per unit area, roundness of contour and maximum relative height difference, are selected to assign values by subjective method and objective method, respectively. Finally, the risk degree was calculated. By using ARCGIS software, the factors such as distance from the main ditch and slope were extracted, and the risk zoning was carried out on the debris flow in Yongqian gully of Xingsheng, and the risk assessment was carried out based on the results of the two methods. According to the actual situation on the spot and the geographical location of Xingsheng Yongqianlianggou, the vulnerability degree is calculated from the local population and economy, and the vulnerability of the research object is evaluated by referring to Liu Xilin's single channel vulnerability evaluation model. ARCGIS software is used to partition the vulnerability of debris flow in Yongqian gully. Finally, according to the proposal of the United Nations, the risk calculation formula "risk = risk 脳 vulnerability", which has been improved by Liu Xilin, is used to calculate the risk degree of debris flow in Yongsheng Qianlianggou, and the superposition calculation function of ARCGIS is used. The risk zoning map of Xingsheng Yongqian Lianggou debris flow is obtained by superposing the obtained zoning maps of hazard and vulnerability.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.23

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