铀矿沉积学研究与发展

发布时间：2018-03-08 10:40

本文选题：铀矿沉积学　切入点：砂岩型铀矿　出处：《沉积学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着铀矿床尤其是砂岩型铀矿勘探和开发的迅速发展,砂岩型铀矿沉积学的概念应运而生。铀矿沉积学是研究沉积盆地形成演化过程中铀的成矿作用、形成环境、含铀岩(层)系特征,以及沉积作用控制下铀的富集机理和分布规律的学科。它综合了铀矿地质学、盆地分析等学科的内容,具有较明显的学科交叉特点。砂岩型铀矿沉积学是铀矿沉积学最典型的代表,它以盆地分析、砂岩型铀矿地质学为重要理论平台,结合沉积学技术方法,具体研究砂岩型铀矿形成的物质来源、成岩作用与铀的预富集、沉积物的结构构造与渗透性、沉积体系与含铀岩系分析、流体作用与后期改造、层序地层与铀的空间分布、铀富集因素与沉积和古气候环境,沉积作用因素与砂岩型铀矿预测,以及管理信息化的三维可视化建模等。以新疆伊犁盆地、吐哈盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地北部等地区代表性砂岩铀矿为实例,从铀矿聚集与沉积物形成—演化过程、沉积物特征及沉积体系分析与铀矿聚集、层序地层学与铀聚集作用等方面分析了铀矿沉积学研究的最新进展和认识。同时对铀矿沉积学的发展趋势进行了展望:认为砂岩铀矿"大规模成矿作用"和铀的"超常富集"关键地质环境、含铀岩系沉积与铀的空间分布、多种高新分析测试技术的应用等方面将是铀矿沉积学未来研究和发展的重点。由于铀矿沉积学与人类生存环境关系的重要性,并且其涉及沉积学学科的方方面面,因此有理由相信,铀矿沉积学未来可能作为沉积学的一个独立分支学科将得到更好的研究和发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of exploration and development of uranium deposits, especially sandstone-type uranium deposits, the concept of sandstone-type uranium deposit sedimentology emerges as the times require. Uranium deposit sedimentology is to study uranium mineralization and formation environment in the process of sedimentary basin formation and evolution. The characteristics of uranium-bearing rocks (layers), as well as the discipline of uranium enrichment mechanism and distribution controlled by sedimentation. It synthesizes the contents of uranium geology, basin analysis, and so on. Sandstone-type uranium deposit sedimentology is the most typical representative of uranium deposit sedimentology. It takes basin analysis and sandstone-type uranium geology as an important theoretical platform, and combines sedimentary techniques and methods. The material sources of sandstone-type uranium deposits, diagenesis and uranium preconcentration, structural structure and permeability of sediments, analysis of sedimentary system and uranium bearing rock series, fluid action and late transformation, sequence stratigraphy and the spatial distribution of uranium are studied in detail. Uranium enrichment factors and sedimentary and paleoclimate environments, sedimentary factors and sandstone-type uranium deposits prediction, and three-dimensional visualization modeling of information management. The typical sandstone uranium deposits in the northern part of the Ordos Basin are taken as an example from the process of uranium deposit accumulation and sediment formation-evolution, the analysis of sediment characteristics and sedimentary system, and the uranium deposit accumulation. The latest progress and understanding of uranium deposit sedimentology are analyzed in the aspects of sequence stratigraphy and uranium accumulation. At the same time, the development trend of uranium deposit sedimentology is forecasted: it is considered that sandstone-uranium deposits are "large-scale metallogenic" and uranium-bearing uranium. "supernormal enrichment" key geological environment, The future research and development of uranium ore sedimentology will focus on uranium deposit and uranium spatial distribution, and the application of many new analytical and testing techniques. Because of the importance of the relationship between uranium deposit sedimentology and human living environment, And it is involved in all aspects of sedimentology, so it is reasonable to believe that uranium ore sedimentology will be better studied and developed as an independent branch of sedimentology in the future.
【作者单位】：西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室;西北大学地质学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41173060) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB453000) 中国地质调查局项目(12120114009201,12120115013501)~~
【分类号】：P619.14

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