萨中开发区北—区断东高台子储层特征及注水技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 22:20

本文选题：精细地质研究　切入点：分层注水　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对北一区段东精细开发试验区,通过精细地质研究,刻画北一区段东的储层特征,指导该区的层系组合。同时,为实现高效开发,精细注水,综合考虑分层注入井的流体在井筒压损、水嘴压损和储层中渗流的压力损失,建立网络分析模型,建立分层段流量调配方法,优化配注方案设计,提高现场施工符合率和施工效率。采用井震结合,精细刻画北一区断东三角洲前缘亚相沉积砂体,形成精细断层模型、构造模型,沉积相模型和相控属性模型,进行砂岩油田沉积砂体精细解剖,刻画北一区段东的储层特征,形成该区的层系组合方案。在储层达西渗流规律的基础上,基于等值渗流阻力法,建立了多层注入系统的地层渗流阻力的并联模型,给出了全井总的渗流阻力和分层渗流阻力的数学关系,即各层段的渗流阻力倒数之和等于全井的渗流阻力的倒数。文献数据和现场试验数据充分证明了这一模型的正确性。采用流体力学理论,研究了注水过程中井筒的沿程压力损失和经过水嘴的压力损失。基于层流的经验公式和尼古拉兹经验关系,对井筒内低流速层流区和紊流光滑区的沿程压力损失进行了估算;基于伯努利方程和动量守恒定律进行推导和水嘴的局部压力损失,进一步证实了水嘴压损与流量平方成比例的规律。建立了注水过程的能耗计算公式,为优化注水和节能提供了评价手段。在多层注入并联模型和水嘴压损研究基础上,建立了分层注水系统的串并联网络模型,分层注入井的每一层段为嘴损、地层渗流阻力和地层压力相串联,各个层段或各个支路之间又满足并联关系。在此基础上,提出了分层段的门槛压力和全井的门槛压力的概念,分层门槛压力为注入压力超过该值才可能使该层实现配注方案;全井门槛压力为所有层段门槛压力中最大的,注入压力只有超过该值,才能实现全井所有层段按方案配注。在分层注水系统串并联网络模型基础上,建立了高效测调工艺和常规固定水嘴投捞工艺的调配方法。高效测调的调配方法采用试凑法寻找全井门槛压力,并采用固定全井门槛压力法依次调节分层的流量,简单而有效;常规固定水嘴投捞工艺调配方法采用全井门槛压力与分层门槛压力差作为水嘴压损,然后通过查图版即可确定水嘴。提出了投影降维的方法,将二元图版插值简化为一元拟合问题,并形成软件自动计算水嘴直径。基于串并联网络模型,进行了测调过程的敏感性分析,建立了井口注入压力变化对各层段注入量的影响、井口注入压力变化对总注入量的影响等定量分析的理论公式,有助于提高现场测调的工作效率。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through fine geological research, the reservoir characteristics of the east part of Bei section are described, and the stratigraphic assemblage of the area is guided by fine geological research. Meanwhile, in order to realize high efficiency development, fine water injection is carried out. Considering the wellbore pressure loss, nozzle pressure loss and percolation pressure loss of stratified injection well, the network analysis model is established, the flow rate allocation method of stratified section is established, and the design of injection allocation scheme is optimized. In order to improve the construction coincidence rate and construction efficiency, the fine sand bodies of the front subfacies of the delta in the eastern fault region of North 1 region are accurately characterized by combining well and earthquake, and the fine fault model, structural model, sedimentary facies model and facies control attribute model are formed. The fine anatomy of sedimentary sand bodies in sandstone oil fields is carried out to characterize the reservoir characteristics in the east of the first section of the North, and to form the combination scheme of the strata in this area. Based on the Darcy percolation law of the reservoir, the equivalent seepage resistance method is used. A parallel model of the formation seepage resistance of the multi-layer injection system is established, and the mathematical relationship between the total seepage resistance of the whole well and the stratified seepage resistance is given. That is, the sum of the reciprocal of seepage resistance in each layer is equal to the reciprocal of the seepage resistance of the whole well. The validity of the model is fully proved by the literature data and field test data. Based on the empirical formula of laminar flow and Nicholas's empirical relation, the pressure loss along the low velocity laminar flow zone and turbulent smooth zone in the wellbore is estimated. Based on Bernoulli equation and momentum conservation law, the local pressure loss of water nozzle is deduced, which further proves the law that the pressure loss of water nozzle is proportional to the square of flow rate. A formula for calculating energy consumption in water injection process is established. Based on the multi-layer injection parallel model and the research of nozzle pressure loss, the series-parallel network model of stratified water injection system is established, and every section of stratified injection well is nozzle loss. The formation seepage resistance and formation pressure are connected in series, and the parallel relationship is satisfied between each layer or branch. On this basis, the concepts of threshold pressure of stratified section and threshold pressure of whole well are put forward. If the threshold pressure of stratification is greater than the injection pressure, it is possible for the reservoir to realize the injection allocation scheme, and the injection pressure of the whole well is the largest of all the interval threshold pressures, and the injection pressure can only exceed this value. Based on the series-parallel network model of the stratified water injection system, The methods of high efficiency testing and adjusting technology and conventional fixed nozzle casting and fishing process are established. The adjustment method of high efficiency testing and adjusting is used to find the threshold pressure of the whole well, and the method of fixed whole well threshold pressure is adopted to adjust the flow rate of the stratified zone in turn, which is simple and effective. The normal fixed nozzle casting and fishing process deployment method adopts the difference between the whole well threshold pressure and the stratified threshold pressure as the nozzle pressure loss, then the nozzle can be determined by checking the chart plate. The method of projection dimension reduction is put forward. The binary chart interpolation is simplified as a unitary fitting problem, and the software is formed to automatically calculate the diameter of the nozzle. Based on the series-parallel network model, the sensitivity analysis of the measuring and adjusting process is carried out, and the influence of the wellhead injection pressure on the injection volume of each layer is established. The theoretical formulas of quantitative analysis such as the influence of wellhead injection pressure change on the total injection amount are helpful to improve the efficiency of field measurement and adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.6;P618.13

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