卵砾石地层跟管钻进伸缩式扩孔钻头的研制

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:23

本文选题：卵砾石层　切入点：伸缩式扩孔钻头　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对在卵砾石地层跟管钻进中经常发生的套管下部遇到孤石致使跟管困难的问题，创新研制一种全新的钻具及钻探工艺--伸缩式扩孔钻头扩孔及其钻进工艺。论文介绍了可伸缩扩孔钻头的设计、加工及应用情况，重点介绍了该钻头在水电勘察中的应用情况及优缺点。伸缩式扩孔钻头配有两支伸缩翼，在泥浆泵压力作用下，，冲洗液可使伸缩翼伸展至钻头体外部。随着冲洗液压力的变化，可改变伸缩翼收缩及张开的角度。伸缩翼在伸展的同时即可实现扩孔钻进，将套管下方的孤石扩出口径略大于套管外径的环状空隙,使套管能够继续跟进到计划的孔深。为了更好地满足卵砾石层钻进，对钻头切削刃形状进行了改进。此外，本文对采用伸缩式扩孔钻头的钻探工艺参数、配套设备要求、操作注意事项等进行了全面介绍，重点对其在水电勘察工程中应用的效果进行了分析对比。尽管该工艺与小口径金刚石钻探相比钻速偏低，但该方法既可避免传统孔内爆破炸碎孤石方法的危险性和繁琐性，也可克服采用套管钻头旋转跟进套管由于扭矩大导致的套管磨损大、易断裂、成本高等问题。该工艺方法易掌握、不受孔深限制，效果明显，在跟管扩孔钻进、处理孔内事故时均可采用，值得推广应用。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the gravel formation drilling pipe with the lower part of the sleeve is in frequently encountered boulder in tube with difficulty, innovation and the development of a new drilling and drilling technology - telescopic reaming and drilling reaming bit technology. This paper introduces design of telescopic reaming bit, processing and application, introduces the application of the drill in Hydropower Investigation of the advantages and disadvantages.
Telescopic drill hole with two telescopic wing, in the role of mud pump pressure, flushing fluid can make telescopic wing external stretching to the bit body. With the change of flushing fluid pressure, which can change the telescopic wing contraction and open angle. The telescopic wing can realize reaming in extension at the same time, the boulder under the casing expansion the annular gap diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve, the sleeve can continue to follow up to the plan of the deep hole.
In order to better meet the needs of drilling gravel, to drill in the shape of the cutting edge is improved. In addition, the drilling process parameters on the telescopic drill hole, equipment requirements, operation precautions are systematically introduced, focusing on the comparison and analysis of its application in hydropower projects in effect. Although the process compared with small caliber diamond drilling drilling speed is low, but the method can not only avoid the danger and complexity of the traditional hole blasting shattering boulder method, can be overcome by rotating casing casing casing bit up due to large torque caused by the guide wear, easy to break, the problem of high cost. The process is not easy to grasp. The hole depth limit, the effect is obvious, in the drilling pipe with reaming, treatment of hole accidents can be used, it is worthy of popularization and application.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P634.41

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