大兴安岭深地震反射剖面调查数据采集与常规处理研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 02:23

本文选题：大兴安岭　切入点：深地震反射剖面　出处：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：深地震反射剖面技术是全球公认的揭露地壳精细结构的先锋技术,此技术可为揭示出造山带或盆山结合带的地壳精细结构,发现了推覆体下逆掩的沉积构造,确定造山带逆冲变形深度与前陆带发育程度、规模,从地壳尺度把握盆山深部构造与油气储存、运移关系提供可靠依据。论文通过对深地震反射剖面资料采集及常规处理技术开展研究及应用,在常规地震采集与深地震采集进行了对比研究的基础上,针对深地震采集需要大排列、大偏移距、接收时间长、激发条件差、成井难度大、信噪比低等特点,形成了适合大兴安岭深地震数据采集的激发、接收技术方法,获得了层次丰富、信噪比高的地震资料;开展了针对大兴安岭深地震资料采用弯线施工、测线长、地表起伏大、低速带变化快的处理方法研究,采用混合静校正、多种去噪手段,对最重要的两个指标--信噪比与分辨率进行了重点分析与处理方法测试,获得了优质的深地震剖面,为地壳和盆地结构研究提供了良好的基础资料。
[Abstract]:Deep seismic reflection profile is a globally recognized pioneering technique for exposing the fine structure of the crust. This technique can be used to reveal the crustal fine structure of orogenic belts or basin-mountain conjunctions, and to find sedimentary structures beneath the nappe. The depth of thrusting deformation and the development degree and scale of Foreland belt are determined, and the deep structure and oil and gas storage of basin and mountain are grasped from the crustal scale. Through the research and application of deep seismic reflection profile data acquisition and conventional processing technology, on the basis of comparative study between conventional seismic acquisition and deep seismic acquisition, In view of the characteristics of deep seismic acquisition, such as large arrangement, large offset, long receiving time, poor excitation condition, difficult well completion and low signal-to-noise ratio, a method of excitation and receiving is formed, which is suitable for deep seismic data acquisition in Daxing'an Mountains. The seismic data with rich layers and high signal-to-noise ratio are obtained, and the processing methods for deep seismic data in Daxing'anling are studied, such as curved line construction, long surveying line, large surface fluctuation, fast change of low speed zone, and mixed static correction. In this paper, the two most important indexes, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and resolution resolution, are analyzed and tested by various denoising methods, and the high quality deep seismic profile is obtained, which provides good basic data for the study of crustal and basin structure.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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