美洲最早人类文化的技术构成及其与旧大陆的关系

发布时间：2018-03-19 17:30

本文选题：美洲　切入点：晚更新世　出处：《南方文物》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：美洲最早人类的人类文化包括前克洛维斯文化和克洛维斯文化,其主要分布于北美中低纬度地区和南美地区,时代为距今2万年至1.2万年左右(校正后)。最早美洲人类文化的石器技术构成以两面器技术和石叶技术为主,其与旧大陆旧石器时代晚期的人类的石器技术有密切关联。与此同时,更新世晚期新旧大陆的人类技术也有所不同,除了阿拉斯加地区发现与旧大陆东北亚文化面貌甚为相似的遗存以外,美洲独特的克洛维斯文化与旧大陆相比两面器技术更为发达,石叶技术处于次要地位,同时缺失细石叶技术,这些现象显示新大陆早期人类文化并非旧大陆的完全移植,而是美洲最早人群在扩散过程中不断进行创新与调试,进而创造出古印第安早期文化。
[Abstract]:The earliest human cultures in the Americas include the former Clovis culture and the Clovis culture, which are mainly distributed in the middle and low latitudes of North America and South America. The age ranged from 20,000 years to about 12,000 years (after correction). The earliest stone tools of American culture consisted mainly of bihedral technology and stone leaf technology. It is closely related to the stone techniques of the late Paleolithic. At the same time, the human technology of the late Pleistocene and the New Old World is also different. In addition to the discovery in Alaska of relics similar to the cultural features of Northeast Asia in the Old World, the unique Clovis culture of the Americas is more developed than the Old World, and the stone leaf technology is in a secondary position. These phenomena show that the early human culture in the New World was not a complete transplantation of the Old World, but that the earliest people in the Americas constantly innovated and debugged in the process of diffusion, thus creating the early ancient Indian culture.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：“国家社科基金青年项目(批准号16CKG004)” “北京市教委科技创新平台项目-首都手工业遗产的传承与利用”阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：K86;Q981

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