天津市地下水开发利用及保护管理问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:29

本文选题：地下水　切入点：变化趋势　出处：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天津市是我国重要的工业城市、我国北方经济中心和国际化港口城市,也是水资源十分紧缺的地区。为满足生产生活用水需求,多年来对地下水资源不可持续式的开采方式,使水生态环境受到严重破坏。因为历史缘故和技术水平的局限,天津市没有对地下水资源的不合理开采进行有效控制,很大程度上破坏了地下水采补平衡,造成水体污染、地下水位下降、地面沉降、大量机井废弃无法使用以及由于抽水深度增大而导致用水投入增加等负面影响,地面沉降问题尤为严重。本文研究探讨了天津市水资源现状及开发利用情况,分析研究了天津市地下水位变化趋势,并提出在建立健全水资源供需分配的管理体制方面存在的问题,实现地下水资源可持续开发利用。主要研究内容和研究成果如下:(1)分析研究了天津市水资源可利用量及开发利用现状。通过对天津市地下水资源可利用量及现阶段使用情况的分析统计,更加直观了解天津市地下水资源的匮乏及水资源保护的迫切性。(2)对天津市地下水位变化趋势进行了分析研究,分析总结了地下水开采对浅层地下水和深层地下水位变化的影响。(3)提出对地下水资源保护的管理措施,通过对地下水实时监控系统建设,采灌平衡技术措施,涵养地下水技术、回灌技术、地下浅层苦咸水开发利用技术、封井技术的推广等,对天津市地下水可持续开采提出了建设性方案。(4)对天津市水资源供需情况进行分析,通过探讨了水资源管理体制、用水管理制度和国家水权制度,完善了天津市地下水水资源管理制度。
[Abstract]:Tianjin is an important industrial city in China, an economic center and an international port city in the north of China. In order to meet the demand for water for production and daily use, Tianjin is an unsustainable exploitation mode of groundwater resources for many years. Because of the limitation of history and technical level, Tianjin has not effectively controlled the unreasonable exploitation of groundwater resources, which to a great extent has destroyed the balance of groundwater recovery and recharge, resulting in water pollution. The negative effects such as the lowering of the groundwater level, the subsidence of the land, the unavailability of a large number of machine wells, and the increase of water input due to the increase of pumping depth, The problem of land subsidence is especially serious. This paper studies the present situation of water resources and its development and utilization in Tianjin, and analyzes the changing trend of groundwater level in Tianjin. The problems in establishing and perfecting the management system of water resources supply and demand distribution are put forward. The main contents and results of this study are as follows: 1) the available quantity of water resources and the present situation of exploitation and utilization of water resources in Tianjin are analyzed and studied. Analysis and statistics of paragraph use, A more intuitive understanding of the scarcity of groundwater resources in Tianjin and the urgency of water resources protection. This paper analyzes and summarizes the influence of groundwater exploitation on the change of shallow groundwater and deep groundwater level. It puts forward the management measures of groundwater resources protection. Through the construction of real-time monitoring system of groundwater, the technical measures of balance of recovery and irrigation, and the conservation of groundwater technology, the paper puts forward the management measures for groundwater resources protection. The recharge technology, the exploitation and utilization technology of shallow underground brackish water, the popularization of well sealing technology and so on, the constructive scheme of sustainable groundwater exploitation in Tianjin is put forward, and the supply and demand situation of water resources in Tianjin is analyzed. Through discussing water resources management system, water use management system and national water right system, the groundwater resources management system of Tianjin is improved.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.8

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