雪峰山西侧地区下古生界构造演化与油气保存条件研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 10:57

本文选题：构造演化　切入点：盖层特征　出处：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：雪峰山西侧地区地处雪峰山基底拆离造山带和中上扬子区的东部边缘之间,是雪峰山前缘向四川盆地的过渡的地区。多年油气勘探实践经验表明,雪峰山西侧重点地区的海相层系具有较大的油气勘探潜力。本论文着重于地质解译贵阳-金沙-仁怀地震大剖面,结合已有钻录和测试等成果资料,重新探索雪峰山西侧地区沉积、构造演化史。应用野外地质调查与室内岩石样品测试相结合,综合利用常规电镜、阴极发光与非常规压汞—吸附法、三轴抗压抗剪试验联合分析盖层的岩石学特征、盖层的厚度、盖层的均质程度、盖层的延展性以及盖层的薄膜封闭特征。以构造演化为主线,开展盖层封闭演变史为主的油气保存体系成因研究,在此基础上进行油气保存体系主控因素分析,对有利油气保存区域初步预测。通过研究共取得以下基本认识:(1)通过对雪峰山西侧地区构造演化及特征的综合分析,认为地震波场反映的角度不整合特点,可以确定雪峰山陆内的构造体系前后经历了晋宁、加里东、印支和燕山等多期构造运动,该叠合盆地在其构造演化历史中,从元古代以来,经历了晋宁、加里东、海西、印支、燕山和喜马拉雅六大构造阶段,早期以造陆为主,晚期造山作用强烈。(2)野外地质调查、沉积特征和室内岩石测试分析表明,下寒武统盖层见于水井沱组、石牌组和天河板组等地层中。盖层岩性主要为泥岩和灰岩两类,前者主要包括深灰、灰黑色、灰、灰绿色碳质泥岩、粉砂质泥岩、泥岩,后者主要包括深灰色碳质灰岩、泥晶灰岩及泥质灰岩等。(3)通过分析油气保存体系在加里东期、海西—印支期、早燕山期、晚燕山—喜山期等构造演化阶段,盖层的演变特征以及流体化学—动力学响应特征,恢复与重建了盖层封闭演变史与流体化学—动力学行为轨迹。基本明确了油气保存体系受到盖层发育的沉积体系域、成岩变质程度、变形变位强度、断层的“三元”耦合关系以及流体的宿主性等多种因素控制。(4)通过对油气保存体系的成因研究结果显示:渝东鄂西及周缘地区志留系成藏的控制因素中,优质储层控制了早期运聚、保存,并形成近源的岩性油藏;晚期流体势调整,控制了现今油气最终定位;金沙—仁怀西侧—盆地周缘震旦系成藏主控因素表现在:有效储集空间是下组合油气聚集成藏的前提,有利运聚是形成下组合气藏的重要保障,有利保存是形成下组合气藏的关键因素,保存条件的破坏主要表现为构造隆升剥蚀和断裂破坏作用。研究区的生储盖组合可分为三套生储盖组合,第一套以上震旦统陡山沱组为烃源岩,灯影组结晶白云岩为储层,下寒武统老堡组、牛蹄塘组和石牌组泥岩为盖层;第二套组合烃源岩为寒武系牛蹄塘组和华严寺组,以中寒武统及下奥陶统为储层,下奥陶统泥页岩、泥灰岩为盖层;第三套组合由下奥陶及下志留统页岩组成烃源岩,志留系内部的砂岩作为储层,下志留统的泥岩作为盖层。(5)通过以“盖、源”共控油气保存体系的研究思路,从油气保存体系的表象性、成因性以及有效性研究入手,参照前人研究标准,建立了中扬子区海相油气保存条件评价技术指标,进行了油气保存条件综合评价。研究认为:中上扬子区江汉平原区、湘鄂西区、渝东鄂西区三个区块的油气保存体系综合评价表明,纵向上油气保存条件变好顺序为:J-T2体系、∈1体系、S体系、∈2油气保存体系;横向上,以石柱油气保存体系为1级-最有效,也是最有利保存区带或最有利勘探区带;利川、桑植、花果坪、宜昌、沔阳油气保存体系为2级-有效,即有利保存区带或有利勘探区带;其余区块为3、4级-有效。
[Abstract]:Shanxi area is located in the side of Xuefeng Xuefeng basement detachment of the eastern edge of orogenic belt and the middle and upper Yangtze region, is the leading edge of the Sichuan basin to the Xuefeng mountain transition area. For many years the practice of oil and gas exploration experience shows that the marine strata in key areas of Shanxi Xuefeng side has great oil and gas exploration potential. This paper focuses on the geology interpretation Guiyang - Renhuai Jinsha - seismic profiles, combined with the existing drilling and testing results of recorded data, to explore the deposition of Shanxi Xuefeng side area, the history of tectonic evolution. The application of field geological investigation and indoor rock sample test combined with the comprehensive utilization of conventional electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence adsorption and unconventional mercury injection, combined with the analysis of petrology characteristics cover the three axial compressive shear test, cover thickness, heterogeneity of caprock, ductility cover and film cover sealing characteristics. The tectonic evolution as the main line, open cover letter Study on the causes of the evolution history of the closed system to save oil and gas, oil and gas preservation system analysis of main controlling factors were based on the preliminary forecast of the regional preservation of favorable oil and gas. The following basic understanding through the study were: (1) through a comprehensive analysis of the Shanxi side in Xuefeng tectonic evolution and characteristics of the seismic wave field reflects the angular unconformity characteristics can be determined before and after the Xuefengshan intracontinental tectonic system experienced in Jinning, Garito, Indochina and Yanshan tectonic movements, the superimposed basins in the tectonic evolution history, from ancient times through the yuan, Jinning, Garito, Yanshan and Haixi, Indochina, Himalaya six tectonic stages at the early stage of reclamation, mainly late strong orogeny. (2) the field geological investigation, sedimentary characteristics and indoor rock testing analysis shows that the lower Cambrian caprock in shuijingtuo formation, stone deck and tianheban formation In the cover layer. The lithology is mainly mudstone and limestone in two categories, the former consists of dark gray, dark gray, gray, gray green calcareous mudstone, silty mudstone, mudstone, the latter mainly includes deep gray carbonaceous limestone, micritic limestone and argillaceous limestone. (3) through the analysis of oil and gas preservation system in Caledonian, Hercynian Indosinian, early Yanshan, late Yanshan Himalayan tectonic evolution stage, evolution characteristics of caprock and fluid chemical kinetic response characteristics, the restoration and reconstruction of the caprock evolution history and fluid chemical kinetic behaviors. To make clear the basic path of oil and gas preservation system by sedimentary system domain of caprock development, diagenetic metamorphism, deformation intensity, fault "three yuan" and the host fluid coupling relationship between the various factors such as control. (4) through the origin of the system on the preservation of oil and gas shows: Chongqing Hubei Province and the surrounding areas of the Silurian Department of reservoir controlling factors of reservoir quality control the early migration, preservation, and the formation of lithologic reservoir near source; advanced fluid potential adjustment, control of the current oil and gas final location; on the west side of Renhuai basin - Jinsha - Sinian controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in effective reservoir space is hidden under the premise of the combination of oil and gas accumulation, favorable migration is an important guarantee for the formation of combined gas reservoirs, favorable preservation is the key factor to form the composite gas reservoir, the preservation condition of damage mainly uplift erosion and fracture damage to structures. The study area source reservoir cap assemblage can be divided into three sets of reservoir cap in combination, the first set of the Upper Sinian Doushantuo Formation source rocks, Dengying Formation of crystalline dolomite reservoir, the lower Cambrian niutitangformation Laobao formation, and mudstone caprock Shipai group; second sets of hydrocarbon source rocks of Cambrian Niutitang Formation and the Huayan Temple group in the Middle Cambrian the And the lower Ordovician reservoir, lower Ordovician shale, marl is caprock; third sets composed of Lower Ordovician and Lower Silurian shale source rocks within the Silurian sandstone as reservoir, Lower Silurian mudstone as caprock. (5) by "cover, research source" controlling oil and gas preservation system, save the image system from oil and gas, causes and effectiveness of previous research, reference standards, the establishment of a marine oil and gas preservation technology in the Yangtze area index evaluation, comprehensive evaluation of oil and gas preservation conditions. Research shows that: Jianghan Plain in the upper Yangtze region, Western Hunan Hubei Chongqing Hubei, indicates that the West three blocks of oil and gas preservation system comprehensive evaluation, good preservation conditions of oil and gas in vertical order: J-T2 system, 1 system, S system, and 2 oil and gas preservation system; horizontally, with pillars of oil and gas preservation system for 1 - level is the most effective. The most favorable preservation zone or the most favorable exploration area; Lichuan, Sangzhi, Hua Guo Ping, Yichang, Mianyang oil and gas preservation system is 2 level effective, that is, the favorable preservation zone or favorable exploration area; the rest blocks are 3,4 level effective.

【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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