藏东南典型冰湖溃决机制及危险性研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 19:15

本文选题：西藏　切入点：冰湖　出处：《南水北调与水利科技》2017年06期

【摘要】：我国西藏地区冰湖分布十分广泛,随着时间的推移,气温逐渐升高,一些冰湖出现消融现象,部分冰湖溃决直接导致灾害级联效应产生,进一步诱发了洪水、泥石流等次生灾害,因此及时开展冰湖溃决机制及其危险性研究十分必要。为了更好地详细分析冰湖溃决的机制及致灾危险性模式,重点选取西藏波密县米堆沟泥石流的源头光谢错为研究对象,开展了野外调查取样、室内物理实验及高精度遥感解译等一系列工作,分析结果表明光谢错溃决外因是由异常气候和水文条件诱发的,内因是在终碛堤溃决过程中存在溢流型和管涌型两种机制。光谢错溃决后逐步完成了由洪水向稀性泥石流的转变过程,泥石流的运移严重威胁到沟道两岸村庄、道路及耕地的安全。通过对光谢错溃决机制的研究能够为藏东南地区冰湖溃决的防治及预警提供科学的依据。
[Abstract]:The ice lakes in Tibet are widely distributed in China. With the passage of time, the temperature rises gradually, some ice lakes melt, and some ice lakes collapse directly lead to the disaster cascading effect, which further induces the flood. Since debris flow and other secondary disasters, it is necessary to study the mechanism and hazard of glacial lake collapse in time. In order to analyze the mechanism and hazard model of ice lake collapse in detail, Focusing on the study of the source light Xie error of the debris flow in Miduigou gully, Bomi County, Tibet, a series of work, such as field investigation and sampling, indoor physical experiments and high-precision remote sensing interpretation, were carried out. The results show that the external causes of the outburst are induced by abnormal climatic and hydrological conditions. The internal cause is that there are two kinds of mechanisms, overflow type and piping type, in the course of collapse of the terminal embankment. After the collapse of Kuang Xie wrong, the process of transition from flood to dilute debris flow was gradually completed, and the migration of debris flow seriously threatened the villages on both sides of the channel. The safety of roads and cultivated land. Through the study of the mechanism of Guangxiyao outburst, it can provide scientific basis for the prevention and early warning of glacial lake outburst in southeast Tibet.
【作者单位】：成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41702312) 四川省教育厅科研项目(17ZB0054);四川省教育厅高校人文社科重点研究基地气象灾害预测预警与应急管理研究中心(ZHYJ17-YB07)~~
【分类号】：P343;P642.23

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