工程部队山体开挖施工中滑坡事故风险评估与策略研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 16:24

本文选题：工程部队　切入点：山体施工　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2000年以来,我军工程部队越来越多的承担了国家重大基础建设任务,山体开挖施工也是其中一类,随着参与山体开挖施工的部队数量不断增加、作业难度和任务的紧迫性提升,施工过程中滑坡事故发生的频率越来越高,即损失国防军事力量,也会延误的是国防军事战略部署,对国防事业是极大的威胁。为了加强工程部队的安全管理水平,提高对滑坡事故的预防控制能力,本文系统梳理了国内外滑坡事故的自然成因与人为成因的基础上,结合我军工程部队存在的问题,展开针对部队施工中滑坡事故的风险评估与策略研究。利用系统科学的理论与方法,首先将部队工程部队山体施工工程视为系统,依据系统的要素、过程等维度划分,构建了工程的系统结构,并据此进行工程中滑坡事故的风险因素辨识与分析,共包含筹备与施工两大时间阶段中的人、机、管、环四类因素。在施工中滑坡事故的风险评价方法与策略研究中,利用SMARTER原则,并结合符号化编码的方法,构建了滑坡事故的全过程全要素的风险评价指标体系,通过问卷调查的方法确定了指标的优选与权重的确定。滑坡事故的分级数学模型共包含两类,一类是各阶段滑坡事故的综合风险指数;另一类是各阶段滑坡事故的要素风险指数,这样设定的目的是为了后续的预控策略体系建立提供对应的分级依据。预控策略体系由两个步骤组成,首先由阶段的综合风险指数等级确定总体策略,然后由阶段内各要素的风险指数等级确定针对要素的具体控制措施。最后,通过对我军某工程部队的一项山体施工工程进行实证研究,对两个阶段各自的综合风险与总体策略、要素风险与具体措施进行了评价与分析,为工程部队施工提供了方法支持,并证明该方法可对部队各项山体施工的滑坡事故综合风险进行计算和评价,同时提供较为完善的策略依据。
[Abstract]:Since 2000, the engineering units of our army have assumed more and more important national basic construction tasks, and mountain excavation construction is also one of them. With the increasing number of troops involved in mountain excavation construction, The difficulty of the operation and the urgency of the task are increased, and the frequency of landslide accidents in the construction process is increasing. That is to say, the loss of national defense and military strength will also delay the deployment of the national defense military strategy. In order to strengthen the safety management level of engineering troops and improve the ability to prevent and control landslide accidents, this paper systematically combs the natural and man-made causes of landslide accidents at home and abroad. Combined with the problems existing in our army's engineering units, the risk assessment and strategy study of landslide accidents in army construction are carried out. By using the theory and method of system science, the mountain construction engineering of army engineering units is first regarded as a system. The system structure of the project is constructed according to the dimensionality of system elements and process, and the risk factors of landslide accident in engineering are identified and analyzed accordingly. The system consists of human, machine and management in the two stages of preparation and construction. In the study of risk assessment method and strategy of landslide accident in construction, the risk evaluation index system of the whole process of landslide accident is constructed by using SMARTER principle and symbolic coding method. The optimal selection of indicators and the determination of weights are determined by the method of questionnaire survey. There are two types of mathematical models for landslide accidents, one is the comprehensive risk index of landslide accidents in each stage, and the other is the comprehensive risk index of landslide accidents in different stages. The other is the factor risk index of landslide accident in each stage, so the purpose of setting up is to provide the corresponding grading basis for the subsequent establishment of the pre-control strategy system. The pre-control strategy system consists of two steps. First, the overall strategy is determined by the comprehensive risk index grade of the stage, and then the specific control measures for the elements are determined by the risk index grade of each element in the stage. Based on an empirical study of a mountain construction project in a certain engineering unit of our army, the comprehensive risk and overall strategy, factor risk and concrete measures of the two stages are evaluated and analyzed, which provides method support for the construction of the engineering unit. It is proved that this method can be used to calculate and evaluate the comprehensive risk of landslide accidents during the construction of various mountain bodies in the army, and to provide a more perfect strategic basis at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22

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