高光谱遥感水文地质应用新进展

发布时间：2018-04-20 12:51

本文选题：高光谱 + 水文地质　；参考：《水文地质工程地质》2017年04期

【摘要】：高光谱遥感是一种利用成像光谱仪同时获取地物目标辐射、光谱和空间等多重信息遥感的技术,水文地质是高光谱遥感重要的应用领域之一,通过高光谱遥感图像分析,能够提取大区域包气带及含水系统的水文地质信息,可为水文地质环境的识别及实时监测、地下水资源高效管理、地下水数值模型构建等提供科学数据。通过调研凝练了高光谱遥感基本原理方法及其在水文地质方面的应用研究,重点总结了地下水环境污染和水文信息反演方面的高光谱遥感应用研究进展,分析了高光谱遥感水文地质应用所面临的挑战,并展望了高光谱遥感水文地质应用研究的发展趋势,主要包括:通过土壤和植被的光谱信息实现对研究区包气带土壤重金属污染状况的大面积、短周期连续快速监测;在高光谱图像中提取构造、地层岩性等地质和水文地质特征,以环境指示因子(如植被)为有效补充,获取饱和带地下水环境信息;通过高光谱图像识别植被类型、计算植被覆盖度、分析叶片反射光谱特征并建立模型反演土壤含水量和地下水位,为研究和保护缺水地区生态环境提供数据支撑。
[Abstract]:Hyperspectral remote sensing is a kind of multi-information remote sensing technology, which uses imaging spectrometer to obtain object radiation, spectrum and space simultaneously. Hydrogeology is one of the important application fields of hyperspectral remote sensing, which is analyzed by hyperspectral remote sensing image. It can extract hydrogeological information of large area aeration zone and water cut system, which can provide scientific data for recognition and real-time monitoring of hydrogeological environment, efficient management of groundwater resources, construction of numerical model of groundwater, etc. The basic principles and methods of hyperspectral remote sensing and its application in hydrogeology are summarized, and the research progress of hyperspectral remote sensing in groundwater environmental pollution and hydrological information retrieval is summarized. The challenges faced by the application of hyperspectral remote sensing hydrogeology are analyzed, and the development trend of the application of hyperspectral remote sensing hydrogeology is prospected. The main contents are as follows: through the spectral information of soil and vegetation, the pollution of heavy metals in the soil in the study area can be monitored rapidly and continuously in short periods, and the geological and hydrogeological characteristics, such as structure, stratigraphic lithology, etc., will be extracted from hyperspectral images. Taking environmental indicator factors (such as vegetation) as an effective supplement, obtaining environmental information of groundwater in saturated zone, identifying vegetation types by hyperspectral images, calculating vegetation coverage, The characteristics of leaf reflectance spectrum and the inversion of soil water content and groundwater level were established to provide data support for the study and protection of ecological environment in water-deficient areas.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所/中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【分类号】：P641

【参考文献】