无线智能声波测井系统的研制

发布时间：2018-04-26 04:28

本文选题：声波测井 + 无线通信　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：声波测井是各类地球物理测井中发展最快和应用最广泛的技术之一。该技术利用声波的速度、幅度在不同介质中传播时的全波记录,得出相应的地质特征,以便于研究和解决地质问题,进而发现油气、煤、金属与非金属、放射性、地下水等矿产资源。声波测井技术是一种重要的资源勘探手段,并随着科学技术的进步,逐渐衍生到其他相关领域,如大型结构桥梁、建筑物等的桩基检测及煤矿、金属物等矿采资源勘探等领域。传统的声波测井需手动测量井下的具体位置,并采用有线进行数据传输,通过对声波信号的分析,从而得出这些位置的地质结构,此方法操作不便,特别在岩层较深且测量点位密集的情况下,测得的数据不仅存在较大的误差,而且需花费大量时间和精力。为解决传统仪器存在的问题,本文研制了基于ARM Cortex-M3内核的无线智能声波测井系统,主要研究内容和结果如下:(1)研制了无线自动测位装置。以低功耗STC89C52微处理器及E50-TTL-100无线通信模块为核心对装置进行了硬件设计和软件编程。使声波测井换能器在井下移动的过程中,自动测位装置采集编码器产生的位移脉冲,通过一定的换算,把脉冲信号转换为实际的位移信号,并通过无线串口传输进行数据通信,实现了井下采集点位置信息的精确测量。模块性能测试表明,误差控制在1%以内,显示出良好的位移测量效果。(2)研制了无线声波采集模块。以高速STM32微处理器及nRF24L01无线模块为核心对模块进行了硬件设计和软件编程。模块通过利用微控制单元(MCU)自带的两路12位模数转换器,对换能器两接收通道声波信号进行采集,并采用无线进行数据收发,减少现场布线带来的麻烦,从而实现了无线声波测井系统的高精度采集过程。模块性能测试表明,最高采样率可达1MHz。(3)开发了基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器的系统配套应用软件。软件包括声波数据采集模块及声波数据分析处理模块两部分。数据采集部分程序功能:系统根据无线自动测位装置实时提供的井下位置信息,设置相应的采集参数,实现仪器的自动采集。数据分析处理部分功能:设计合理的声波分析方法,实现数据分析与采集过程的一体化过程,从而快速、准确的对被测物体的质量进行分析。本文研究的无线智能声波测井系统解决了传统仪器的不足,提高了测井工作效率,具有较广的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Acoustic logging is one of the most developed and widely used geophysical logging techniques. This technique utilizes the velocity of sound wave and the full wave record of amplitude propagating in different media to obtain the corresponding geological characteristics so as to facilitate the study and solution of geological problems, and then to find oil and gas, coal, metals and non-metallic, radioactive. Groundwater and other mineral resources. Acoustic logging technology is an important means of resource exploration, and with the progress of science and technology, it is gradually extended to other related fields, such as large structural bridges, buildings and other fields of pile foundation detection, coal mine, metal and other mining resources exploration. The traditional acoustic logging needs to measure the specific location of the well manually and transmit the data by wire. By analyzing the acoustic signal, the geological structure of these positions is obtained, and the operation of this method is inconvenient. Especially in the case of deep strata and dense measuring points, the measured data not only has a large error, but also takes a lot of time and energy. In order to solve the problems existing in traditional instruments, a wireless intelligent acoustic logging system based on ARM Cortex-M3 kernel is developed in this paper. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) the wireless automatic position measuring device is developed. Based on low power STC89C52 microprocessor and E50-TTL-100 wireless communication module, hardware design and software programming are carried out. In the process of the acoustic logging transducer moving downhole, the automatic position measuring device collects the displacement pulse generated by the encoder. Through certain conversion, the pulse signal is converted into the actual displacement signal, and the data communication is carried out through the wireless serial port transmission. The accurate measurement of the position information of the downhole acquisition point is realized. The module performance test shows that the error is controlled within 1% and the displacement measurement effect is good. (2) A wireless acoustic wave acquisition module is developed. The hardware design and software programming of high-speed STM32 microprocessor and nRF24L01 wireless module are carried out. By using two 12-bit A / D converters with MCU, the module collects the acoustic signals of the two receiving channels of the transducer, and uses wireless data transceiver to reduce the trouble caused by the field wiring. Thus, the high precision acquisition process of wireless acoustic logging system is realized. The module performance test shows that the highest sampling rate can reach 1 MHz. 3) the system application software based on LabVIEW virtual instrument is developed. The software includes two parts: acoustic data acquisition module and acoustic data analysis and processing module. Part of the program function of data acquisition: according to the real-time position information provided by the wireless automatic position measuring device, the system sets the corresponding acquisition parameters to realize the automatic acquisition of the instrument. Part of the functions of data analysis and processing: design a reasonable sound wave analysis method to realize the integration of data analysis and acquisition process, so as to analyze the quality of the object under test quickly and accurately. The wireless intelligent acoustic logging system studied in this paper solves the shortcomings of traditional instruments and improves the logging efficiency and has a wide application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.81

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