区域及高速铁路地震预警系统的效能分析

发布时间：2018-04-26 16:55

本文选题：地震预警 + 高速铁路　；参考：《中国地震局工程力学研究所》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：地震预警是减轻地震灾害有效手段之一,我国已经启动了区域及高速铁路地震预警系统建设。为了开展区域及高速铁路地震预警系统效能评估,本文开展以下主要工作:1.对地震预警系统效能分析的研究现状进行了全面总结。以台间距、触发定量台站数所需时间、固定时间窗内触发台站数、预警第1报时间、预警发布时间提高程度为分析指标,对首都圈地震预警示范系统现有台站布设方案和规划台站布设方案的预警时效性进行了分析对比。2.基于首都圈地震预警示范系统的测震台、强震动台、烈度仪台的设备性能参数和台址背景噪声,分析了三种类型台站的地震预警监测能力。基于首都圈地震预警示范系统三类台站的背景噪声幅值RMS值,分别分析得到首都圈地震预警示范系统的单台及台网监测能力的震级下限分布,首都圈地震预警示范系统的监测震级下限总体低于2.5级,北京、天津和石家庄部分地区达到0.5级至1级。3.基于日本K-NET强震记录分析了紧急处置PGA的统计传播规律,定义了报警与预警两种紧急处置方式的时延以及系统时效性分析指标;针对成灌、大西、福厦及京石武四条高速铁路地震监测预警台站分布,基于历史破坏性地震资料,分析了这四条高速铁路遭受的最大地震动影响以及理论紧急处置时效性;以预警可用时间提高程度和地震危险性为依据,分析得到能够对成灌高铁地震预警时效性提升最大的台站加密布设区域。
[Abstract]:Earthquake warning is one of the effective means to reduce earthquake disaster. China has started the construction of regional and high-speed railway earthquake warning system. In order to carry out the regional and high-speed railway earthquake warning system effectiveness evaluation, this paper carries out the following main work: 1. In this paper, the research status of seismic early warning system effectiveness analysis is summarized. According to the interval between stations, the time required to trigger the number of quantitative stations, the number of trigger stations in the fixed time window, the first time of early warning and the improvement of the time of early warning release, the index of analysis is the improvement of the time of early warning. This paper analyzes and compares the effectiveness of the existing station layout scheme and the planning station layout scheme of the Capital Circle earthquake warning demonstration system. 2. Based on the equipment performance parameters and background noise of the seismograph station, strong vibration station and intensity meter station of the earthquake warning demonstration system in the capital circle, the seismic early-warning monitoring ability of three kinds of stations is analyzed. Based on the background noise amplitude RMS of three stations in the Capital Circle earthquake early warning demonstration system, the magnitude lower limit distribution of the single station and network monitoring capability of the Capital Circle earthquake warning demonstration system is obtained, respectively. The lower limit of the earthquake warning and demonstration system in the Capital Circle is below 2.5, with parts of Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang ranging from 0.5 to 1. 3. Based on the strong earthquake records of K-NET in Japan, the statistical propagation law of emergency disposal PGA is analyzed, and the time-delay and time-efficiency analysis indexes of two kinds of emergency disposal modes, alarm and early warning, are defined. The distribution of seismic monitoring and early warning stations of four high-speed railways in Fuxia and Jingshiwu is analyzed. Based on the historical destructive seismic data, the maximum ground motion and the timeliness of theoretical emergency disposal are analyzed. Based on the increase of the available time and the seismic risk of early warning, the paper analyzes and obtains the area of infilling the station that can improve the time efficiency of earthquake warning of Cheng-Guang high-speed railway.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P315;U298

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