亚地震断层定量预测及对注水开发的影响

发布时间：2018-04-26 19:25

本文选题：亚地震断层 + 分形几何学　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：亚地震断层是指低于地震分辨率的小位移断层,它们控制了地下流体流动,影响断块油气田地下储层非均质性以及注水开发效果。定量预测亚地震断层的几何形态和分布位置对改善油气田注水开发效果、提高产能、优化井网部署具有重要意义。本文以渤中34-2/4油田II油组为例,提出了亚地震断层定量预测的方法,结合对研究区注采关系的分析,讨论了亚地震断层对储层非均质性的影响。首先,对研究区地震断层几何学特征进行分析,划分断裂系统,利用分形理论对亚地震断层数量进行预测,然后对主要断裂期的古构造应力场进行三维地质力学模拟,模拟地震断层附近的应力扰动作用,结合库伦破裂准则,计算了破裂优势方位和最大剪切应力分布,利用随机模拟技术,基于自相似性原理,对研究区亚地震断层数量进行预测;运用三维地质力学模拟的方法,模拟研究区活动期最大剪切应力和破裂方位,以此为限制条件,对研究区亚地震断层进行定量预测。统计分析研究区注采关系资料,研究亚地震断层对注水开发的影响。得出结论:(1)利用分形理论和力学数值模拟相结合的方法,可以有效地对亚地震断层进行定量预测,预测结果与解释的“疑似断层”吻合度达90%以上;(2)亚地震断层和裂缝的存在明显增强了储层的非均质性;(3)亚地震断层规模越大,注采井间受效时间及受效时间与断距的比值均越大,尤其是当亚地震断层断距大于6.5m时,注采受效时间明显变长;(4)断层附近伴生大量裂缝及规模较小的亚地震断层,从而改善储层的连通性。
[Abstract]:Subseismic faults are small displacement faults with lower resolution of earthquakes. They control the flow of underground fluids and affect the heterogeneity of underground reservoirs in fault block oil and gas fields and the effect of water injection development. Quantitative prediction of the geometry and distribution of subseismic faults is of great significance for improving the effect of oil and gas field water injection development, improving productivity and optimizing well pattern deployment. In this paper, taking the oil group II of 34-2 / 4 oilfield in Bozhong as an example, a method for quantitative prediction of subseismic faults is put forward, and the influence of sub-seismic faults on reservoir heterogeneity is discussed in combination with the analysis of injection-production relationship in the study area. Firstly, the geometrical characteristics of seismic faults in the study area are analyzed, the fault system is divided, the number of subseismic faults is predicted by fractal theory, and then the paleotectonic stress field in the main fault period is simulated by 3D geological mechanics. Based on the Coulomb fracture criterion and the stress disturbance near the seismic fault, the dominant direction of fracture and the maximum shear stress distribution are calculated. Based on the principle of self-similarity, the random simulation technique is used. The number of subseismic faults in the study area is predicted, and the maximum shear stress and fracture azimuth of active period are simulated by using three-dimensional geo-mechanical simulation method, which is taken as the limiting condition to quantitatively predict subseismic faults in the study area. The influence of subseismic fault on water injection development is studied by statistical analysis of injection-production relation data in the study area. It is concluded that the fractal theory combined with the numerical simulation of mechanics can be used to predict subseismic faults quantitatively. The degree of coincidence between the predicted results and the interpreted "suspected faults" is more than 90%.) the existence of subseismic faults and fractures obviously enhances the heterogeneity of reservoirs. The larger the scale of sub-seismic faults is, the larger the size of the sub-seismic faults is. The larger the effective time between injection and production wells and the ratio of effective time to fault distance, especially when the subseismic fault spacing is greater than 6.5 m, the injection-production response time obviously becomes longer. () A large number of fractures and smaller subseismic faults occur near the fault. Thus, the reservoir connectivity is improved.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;TE357.6

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