“墨翠”的宝石学特征及其质量影响因素

发布时间：2018-04-26 19:20

本文选题：绿辉石 + 硬玉　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：翡翠作为玉石中最重要的品种,以其丰富的颜色、明亮的光泽、细腻的质地、良好的韧性被众人喜爱与追捧,现已形成翡翠独特而完整的产业链,文化、设计、加工、市场供求关系、品牌销售,被视为最具收藏价值、观赏价值和文化价值的玉石品种之一。墨翠作为一类极为特殊的翡翠品种,因其在透射光下为墨绿色,反射光下为黑绿色而与众不同。目前对于墨翠的认识仅为其矿物组成主要为绿辉石,而国标中对翡翠的定义中并未明确指出绝大部分(或全部)为绿辉石矿物组成的集合体是否可定义为翡翠;业界也迫切需要解决墨翠的质量评价及其影响因素的科学问题。本文通在收集不同质地、颜色、透明度、净度的代表性样品,并查阅国内外成果基础上,通过进行常规宝石学特征测试和偏反光显微镜观察,运用电子探针、红外光谱、紫外可见光光谱等现代测试技术,对其基本宝石学性质、矿物组成、结构构造及谱学特征等进行分析。研究表明,墨翠颜色可有偏蓝色调、偏黄色调和偏褐色调的墨绿色,透明度为不透明—半透明,单位透过率为大多分布在10%-25%之间,内部可见团块状、絮状和点状等内含物及纹理裂纹等;墨翠结构根据颗粒大小可划分为不等粒变晶、斑状变晶、隐晶变晶、细粒变晶等结构,根据形态可具有纤维变晶、柱状变晶等结构,根据相互关系可具有斑状交代残余和脉状充填结构。质量较好的墨翠主要组成矿物为绿辉石,质量较差的为硬玉质或含硬玉成分较多的绿辉石岩。使用肉眼及显微镜观察宏观、微观现象,结合大型仪器的数据分析,通过对六项指标包括(质地、透明度、颜色、净度、工艺、重量)进行探索性分级,建立初步的评价准则。
[Abstract]:As the most important variety of jade, jadeite has been loved and admired by many people for its rich color, bright luster, fine texture and good toughness. It has now formed a unique and complete industrial chain, culture, design, processing, jadeite. Market supply and demand, brand sales, is regarded as the most collection value, ornamental value and cultural value of one of the jade varieties. As a special jadeite variety, ink jade is different from others because it is dark green in transmitted light and dark green in reflected light. At present, it is only known that its mineral composition is mainly omphacite, but the definition of jadeite in the national standard does not clearly point out whether most (or all) of the aggregates composed of pyroxene minerals can be defined as jadeite. The industry also needs to solve the problem of quality evaluation and its influencing factors. In this paper, on the basis of collecting representative samples of different textures, colors, diaphaneity and cleanliness, and referring to the domestic and foreign achievements, through the routine gemology characteristic test and polarizing microscope observation, using electron probe, infrared spectrum, The basic gemstone properties, mineral composition, structure and spectral characteristics were analyzed by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy and other modern testing techniques. The results show that the color of ink can be blue, yellowish and brownish, opacity is opticity-translucent, the unit transmittance is mostly between 10% and 25%, and there are blocks in the interior. According to the size of the grain, the structure of Indalea can be divided into unequal grain, porphyry, cryptic, fine-grained, etc. According to its morphology, it can have the structure of fiber and columnar, etc. According to the relationship, there can be porphyry metasomatic remnant and veinlike filling structure. The main mineral of the better quality is omphacite, and the poor quality is the hard jade or the green pyroxenite with more jadeite. The macroscopic and microscopic phenomena were observed with the naked eye and microscope, and combined with the data analysis of large scale instruments, the preliminary evaluation criteria were established through the exploratory classification of six indexes (texture, transparency, color, cleanliness, craft and weight).
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P619.28

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