准噶尔盆地南缘霍玛吐背斜带中上组合油气成藏模式分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 12:23

本文选题：成藏条件 + 成藏主控因素　；参考：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：霍玛吐背斜带位于准噶尔盆地南缘中段,属于南缘山前冲断带的中-新生界二级构造单元,是喜山运动的产物。第三次资源量评价得出,南缘资源量丰富,勘探潜力巨大,是我国目前主要的油气来源区。自上世纪初至现今,其就以齐全的地层露头及多类型的构造样式和丰富的地面油气苗吸引大量国内外学者前来考察和从事石油勘探工作。多年勘探历程表明,虽然南缘油气资源量巨大,但由于受多期造山运动影响,其成藏条件复杂,故勘探目标的选取存在一定难度。为促进南缘油气勘探事业进展,急切需要加强油气成藏过程研究,厘清油气成藏模式,明确勘探目标。鉴于目前勘探研究成果,本次论文在整理、吸收前人研究成果基础上,就目前已有地震、钻测井及分析化验资料上,应用石油地质学的多种理论与方法,重点对油气成藏条件和成藏过程进行分析,通过对烃源岩、生储盖组合及油气输导体系研究,结合南缘典型油气藏解剖,厘清了南缘油气成藏过程,得出油气成藏的主控因素和成藏模式,并在构造演化,沉积相研究及油气成藏条件和成藏过程的基础上,最终确定了工区有利勘探区域及目标层位。并得出了如下认识：1)研究区发育多套烃源岩,其中,中下侏罗统和白垩系吐谷鲁群作为工区有效烃源岩,其有机质丰度、类型和成熟度均较高,厚度大,生烃潜力高,且生烃中心均位于研究区内部,为研究区提供丰富的油气资源。2)工区内典型油藏解剖得知,研究区油气输导体系有断裂、渗透性砂和不整合,断裂是工区最主要的油气运移通到,其决定着工区油气是否成藏。3)南缘第二排构造带具两期油气成藏,第一期成藏时间12Ma～9Ma,为白垩系低熟原油充注形成早期原生油气藏；第二期成藏时间5Ma～现今,是白垩系成熟原油和侏罗系天然气共同充注成藏,该阶段是第二排构造带主要的油气成藏期。第三排构造带为白垩系原油和侏罗系天然气混源一期连续充注成藏。4)研究总结,研究区共发育三种类型的油气成藏模式：安集海类型、霍玛吐类型和呼图壁类型。这三种类型的模式均为下生上储、垂向运移,其中安集海型模式单源、一期成藏；霍玛吐型为混源、先油后油气、两期成藏,伴有气洗改造；呼图壁型以混源、一期成藏为特点。5)综合评价得出,工区发育三级勘探潜力区,最有利的目标为：安集海-霍尔果斯构造带的东沟组；玛纳斯背斜的紫泥泉子组；安集海地区背斜的安集海河组。
[Abstract]:The Huomatou anticline belt is located in the middle section of the southern margin of Junggar basin, which belongs to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic secondary tectonic units of the southern margin of the Foreland thrust belt and is the product of the Himalayan movement. The third evaluation shows that the southern margin is rich in resources and has great exploration potential, which is the main source of oil and gas in China. From the beginning of the last century to the present, it has attracted a large number of domestic and foreign scholars to study and engage in oil exploration with complete outcrop of strata, various structural styles and abundant surface oil and gas seedlings. The exploration history shows that although the oil and gas resources in the southern margin are huge, it is difficult to select exploration targets because of the complex conditions of reservoir formation due to the influence of multiple orogenic movements. In order to promote the development of oil and gas exploration in the southern margin, it is urgent to strengthen the research on the process of oil and gas accumulation, clarify the oil and gas accumulation model and clarify the exploration target. In view of the current exploration research results, this paper, on the basis of collating and absorbing the previous research results, applies various theories and methods of petroleum geology to the existing seismic, logging and analytical laboratory data. The oil and gas accumulation conditions and processes are analyzed emphatically. Through the study of source rock, reservoir cap assemblage and oil and gas transportation system, combined with the anatomy of typical oil and gas reservoirs in the southern margin, the oil and gas accumulation process in the southern margin is clarified. On the basis of structural evolution, sedimentary facies study, oil and gas reservoir forming conditions and process, the favorable exploration area and target horizon in the working area are finally determined. It is concluded that there are many sets of source rocks developed in the study area. Among them, the Tugulu Group of the Middle and Lower Jurassic and the Cretaceous Tu Gulu Group are effective source rocks in the working area. Their organic matter abundance, type and maturity are relatively high, their thickness is large, and their hydrocarbon generation potential is high. The hydrocarbon generation centers are located in the study area, which provides abundant oil and gas resources. 2) the typical reservoirs in the study area are dissected that there are faults, permeable sand and unconformity in the oil and gas transportation system in the study area. The fault is the most important migration of oil and gas in the work area, which determines whether the oil and gas of the area is formed or not. 3) the second row structural belt of the southern margin of the work area has two stages of oil and gas accumulation, the first stage of which is 12 Ma-9 Ma. which is the early primary oil and gas reservoir formed by the Cretaceous low mature crude oil filling. The second stage, 5Ma-present, is the Cretaceous mature crude oil and Jurassic natural gas, which is the main oil and gas accumulation period in the second row structural belt. The third row structural belt is the Cretaceous crude oil and Jurassic natural gas mixed source for the first stage continuous filling and reservoir forming. Conclusion: there are three types of oil and gas accumulation models in the study area: Anji sea type, Hormatu type and Hutubi type. These three types of models are lower generation, upper storage, vertical migration, in which the Anji sea model is single source, primary reservoir formation; Homatou type is mixed source, first oil and then oil and gas are formed in two stages, accompanied by gas washing transformation; and Hutuwall type is mixed source. The comprehensive evaluation shows that the most favorable targets are Donggou formation of Anji Hai-Horgos structural belt, Ziniquanzi formation of Manas anticline and Anjihaihe formation of Anjihai anticline.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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