流域非闭合特性对岩溶地区水文过程模拟的影响

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:28

本文选题：岩溶流域 + 非闭合特性　；参考：《水利学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：岩溶地区通常发育有大量岩溶裂隙、管道和洞穴,构成错综复杂的地下输水网络,形成了独特的流域水循环模式。地下岩溶构造的存在会造成地下分水岭与地表分水岭的不重合,流域趋于非闭合状态。为了弄清岩溶流域非闭合特性对水文过程模拟的影响,本文以桂林岩溶地区潮田河(漓江支流)流域为研究区域,采用三水源新安江模型模拟该地区多年降雨径流过程。通过比较几组给定流域面积的模拟结果,分析了流域计算面积选取对潮田河流域水文模拟结果精度的影响,并探讨了流域非闭合特性影响下该地区的水体流动模式。研究结果表明:模型率定时,当流域计算面积由340 km~2变化至460 km~2时,NSE先增大后减小,RE值持续增大,两者在380~390 km~2时可同时达到最优;结合不同时间尺度下径流模拟精度的分析结果,给出了合理的流域计算面积,比基于地表分水岭提取的流域面积约小8.9%~11.2%,故部分水量可能通过地下岩溶构造流向邻近流域。合理的流域计算面积对潮田河流域径流模拟精度提高显著,尤其是提升了枯季径流的模拟。
[Abstract]:A large number of karst fissures, pipelines and caves are usually developed in karst areas, which form a complicated underground water conveyance network and form a unique watershed water circulation model. The existence of underground karst structure will cause the discontinuity between underground watershed and surface watershed, and the watershed tends to be unclosed. In order to understand the influence of non-closed characteristics of karst watershed on hydrological process simulation, this paper takes the Chaotian River (Lijiang River tributary) basin in Guilin karst area as the research area, and adopts the Xinan River model with three sources of water to simulate the rainfall runoff process in this area for many years. By comparing the simulation results of several groups of given watershed areas, this paper analyzes the influence of the selection of watershed calculated area on the accuracy of hydrological simulation results of Chaotian River Basin, and probes into the water flow model in this area under the influence of the non-closed characteristics of the basin. The results show that when the calculated area of the watershed changes from 340 km~2 to 460 km ~ 2, the RE value of the model increases first and then decreases continuously, and the two reach the optimal value at 380 ~ 390km2 at the same time. Combined with the analysis results of runoff simulation accuracy at different time scales, a reasonable calculated watershed area is given, which is about 8.9% or 11.2% smaller than the watershed area extracted from the surface watershed, so part of the water quantity may flow to the adjacent watershed through underground karst structure. Reasonable area of river basin can improve the precision of runoff simulation in Chaotian river basin, especially in dry season.
【作者单位】：同济大学土木工程学院水利工程系;长江水环境教育部重点实验室;广西壮族自治区桂林市水文水资源局;
【基金】：水利部公益性项目(201401057) 教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金(2013-1792)
【分类号】：P641.134

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