岩石热物理性质的研究进展及发展趋势

发布时间：2018-05-10 15:32

本文选题：热物理性质 + 热导率　；参考：《地球科学进展》2017年10期

【摘要】：岩石热物理性质的基础研究大致经历了4个阶段,已广泛应用于岩石圈热结构、沉积盆地热演化史、岩土工程、地热等领域,近年来在油气领域的科学问题上备受关注。在归纳总结岩石热物理性质当前研究进展的基础上,对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。热导率是表征岩石热物理性质最重要的参数,其获取方法以室内实验室测量为主,测量方法有稳态法和非稳态法两大类。此外还发展了一些基于圆柱形热源探管、圆盘形热源探管、球形热源探管的原位点测方法和基于数理统计的预测方法和模型。学者们通过大量实验探讨了岩石热导率参数与其他物理性质之间的内在关系,并以火山岩、碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩等常见岩石实验结果验证其存在的一般规律。研究表明岩石的热导率受多种因素影响,岩石学特征是其中最重要的因素,孔隙度、含流体性质、声学特性也与之密切相关,同时会受到温度、压力、各向异性的影响。纵观岩石热物理性质的研究现状,认为在油气领域有以下发展趋势:首先,页岩气作为目前油气勘探的热点,其形成机理和成藏过程受页岩热物理性质的控制,但页岩热导率与有机孔、有机碳含量、含气量、可压裂特征间的关系还未可知,因此探索含气页岩的热物理性质是一大研究方向。其次,大数据研究是大势所趋,尽管岩石热学参数的数据库在不断扩大,但要想得到准确的岩石原位热导率大数据库,在井中完成热导率原位连续测量则是最好的方法。因此发展基于岩石热物理性质的测井方法原理和仪器研究是另一大发展趋势。
[Abstract]:The basic research on the thermal physical properties of rocks has been widely used in the fields of lithospheric thermal structure, thermal evolution history of sedimentary basins, geotechnical engineering, geothermal, and so on. In recent years, it has attracted much attention in the field of oil and gas. On the basis of summing up the current research progress of rock thermal physical properties, the future development trend is prospected. Thermal conductivity is the most important parameter to characterize the thermophysical properties of rock. The main methods for obtaining thermal conductivity are indoor laboratory measurements. There are two kinds of measurement methods: steady-state method and unsteady-state method. In addition, some in situ point measurement methods based on cylindrical heat source probe, disk heat source probe and spherical heat source probe are developed, as well as prediction methods and models based on mathematical statistics. The relationship between thermal conductivity parameters and other physical properties of rocks is discussed by a large number of experiments, and the general laws of their existence are verified by the experimental results of volcanic rocks, carbonate rocks and clastic rocks. The results show that the thermal conductivity of rock is affected by many factors, among which petrological characteristics are the most important. Porosity, fluid properties and acoustic properties are closely related to the thermal conductivity of rock, and are also affected by temperature, pressure and anisotropy. According to the present research situation of petrophysical properties of rocks, it is considered that there are the following development trends in the field of oil and gas: firstly, shale gas is a hot spot in oil and gas exploration at present, and its formation mechanism and accumulation process are controlled by the thermal physical properties of shale. However, the relationship between the thermal conductivity of shale and organic pores, organic carbon content, gas content and fracturing characteristics is not known, so it is a research direction to explore the thermo-physical properties of gas-bearing shale. Secondly, the research of big data is the trend of the times. Although the database of thermal parameters of rock is expanding continuously, the best method is to complete the in-situ continuous measurement of thermal conductivity in wells in order to obtain an accurate database of in-situ thermal conductivity of rock. Therefore, the development of logging methods and tools based on the thermal physical properties of rock is another trend.
【作者单位】：西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院;
【基金】：西南石油大学大学生课外开放实验项目(编号:KSZ16040)资助~~
【分类号】：P584

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