轮古15区块奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 20:50

本文选题：风化壳岩溶 + 缝洞型储集体　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：海相碳酸盐岩油气藏,是全球油气勘探不断取得重大突破的最重要领域。塔北轮南奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏,是由构造运动与潜山风化壳岩溶共同作用、联合形成的的缝洞型油气藏。位于轮南古潜山的轮古15区块奥陶系油气藏,就是该类以风化壳溶洞为主要储集空间、裂缝作为渗流通道、溶蚀孔隙为辅助储渗空间、低孔低渗的基质岩块为阻隔的特殊类型碳酸盐岩油气藏。论文在轮古15区块奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞储集体识别与参数特征分析的基础上,结合岩心、薄片、测井、地震资料进行缝洞型储集体特征的精细描述与缝洞型储集体相关控制因素的分析讨论,并结合地震资料对缝洞储集体平面分布进行了预测。主要取得以下几点的成果认识。 (1)轮古15区块中下奥陶统鹰山组碳酸盐岩储集体,是由风化壳岩溶作用形成的缝洞型储集体,该类储集体主要为由岩溶洞穴、溶蚀裂缝和溶蚀孔隙三大类型的储集空间复合而构成的。利用岩心、常规测井、成像测井、钻录井、地震等方面资料,对洞穴、孔隙、裂缝等储集空间进行了综合识别。洞穴在FMI成像测井上表现为暗色斑状、在钻录井中出现放空漏失及在地震反射上出现串珠状发射特征,其充填物可由塌积、化学沉淀及机械沉积组成。孔隙在FMI成像测井上常表现为密集的斑点状。裂缝有构造裂缝、溶蚀裂缝和成岩缝之分,单井面缝率0.28%～2.03%,平均0.85%。 (2)研究区鹰山组储集岩基质平均孔隙度1.23%,平均渗透率为0.23×10-3gm2,属于低孔低渗特征,对储层及油气产出贡献较大的为洞穴及裂缝。根据缝洞储集体及其充填物特征,划分出了风化壳披盖沉积物相、风化壳岩溶洞穴相、风化壳岩溶孔洞相、风化壳岩溶裂缝相、围岩致密相五个储集相及14个储集亚相和22个储集微相。 (3)在纵向上,分别从洞穴型、裂缝-孔洞型、裂缝型储体对单井储集体发育特征进行解剖分析。在横向上,在距风化壳顶1OOm以内的范围储层比较发育,储层发育呈两-三套,横向连续性较好。储层厚度醉着深度的增加而减小,连续性变差,在风化壳100m以下的储层大多多呈点状分布。 (4)风化壳岩溶及不同地貌下的岩溶残丘是储集体发育的关键。论文根据岩溶残丘面积、残丘幅度、残丘长宽比、单井缝洞特征等共划分出各类残丘252个。裂缝集中发育带影响并控制了溶蚀孔洞带与岩溶洞穴发育与分布,轮古15区块大多数井都在多组裂缝密集交汇处的鹰山组地层钻遇溶洞,其单井洞穴钻遇率高达92.11%。 (5)平面上,缝洞型储层高值区在轮古433井、轮古903井、轮古15-8井和轮古15-21井附近；裂缝型储层沿着断裂钻遇率均有高值,在轮古15-11井、轮古15-4井和轮古15-20井最发育；孔洞型储集体整体钻遇率不高。研究区有利缝洞型储集体主要分布在岩溶残丘及与断层、裂缝叠合发育区。
[Abstract]:Marine carbonate reservoir is the most important field of global oil and gas exploration. The carbonate reservoir of Ordovician system in the north of Tarim Basin is a fracture-cavity type oil and gas reservoir formed by the joint action of tectonic movement and karst weathering crust of buried hill. The Ordovician oil and gas reservoirs in Lungu 15 block located in Lungnan buried hill are those with weathered crust caverns as the main reservoir space, fractures as the percolation passage, and the dissolution pores as the auxiliary storage and permeability spaces. The matrix block with low porosity and low permeability is a special type of carbonate reservoir. On the basis of reservoir identification and parameter analysis of Ordovician carbonate fractures and cavities in Lungu 15 block, the paper combines core, thin slice, logging, The fine description of the characteristics of the fracture-cavity reservoir and the analysis and discussion of the relevant controlling factors of the fissure-cavern reservoir are carried out, and the plane distribution of the fracture-cavern reservoir is predicted by combining the seismic data. The carbonate reservoir of Yingshan formation in middle and lower Ordovician is a fracture-cavernous reservoir formed by weathering crust karstification, which is mainly composed of karst caves. The three types of reservoir space are composed of the dissolution fracture and the dissolved pore. Based on core, conventional logging, imaging logging, drilling logging and seismic data, the reservoir spaces such as caves, pores and fractures are comprehensively identified. The cave shows dark color spot in FMI imaging logging, the hole is leaking in drilling and logging, and the bead emission is observed on seismic reflection. The filling can be composed of collapse, chemical precipitation and mechanical deposition. The pores in FMI imaging logging often show dense spots. The fractures include structural fractures, dissolved fractures and diagenetic fractures. The single well surface fracture rate is 0.28% and 2.03, with an average of 0.85. 2) the average porosity and permeability of the reservoir matrix of Yingshan formation in the study area is 1.23 and 0.23 脳 10-3m-2, which is characterized by low porosity and low permeability. Caverns and fractures contribute a lot to reservoir and oil and gas production. According to the characteristics of fracture cavern reservoir and its backfill, the sedimentary facies of weathering crust cover, karst cave facies of weathering crust, karst pore facies of weathering crust and karst crack facies of weathering crust are divided. Five reservoir facies, 14 reservoir subfacies and 22 reservoir microfacies in surrounding rock are anatomically analyzed from cave type, fissure-hole type and fracture type reservoir to single well reservoir development in longitudinally. Horizontally, the reservoir is developed within 1OOm from the top of the weathering crust, with two to three sets of reservoir development and good horizontal continuity. The thickness of reservoir decreases with the increase of depth, and the continuity becomes worse. The large reservoirs below 100 m of weathering crust are distributed in the shape of points. 4) Karst of weathering crust and karst residual hills under different geomorphology are the key to reservoir development. According to the area of karst residual mound, the amplitude of residual mound, the ratio of length to width of residual mound, and the characteristics of single well fracture and cavern, 252 kinds of residual mounds are divided. The concentrated fracture development zone affects and controls the development and distribution of the dissolution hole zone and the karst cave. Most wells in Lungu 15 block have encountered karst holes in the formation of Yingshan formation where many groups of dense fractures meet, and the single well cave drilling rate is up to 92.11.1% on the plane. The high value area of fractured reservoir is located near Lungu 433 well, Lungu 903 well, Lungu 15-8 well and Lungu 15-21 well, and the fracture type reservoir has high drilling rate along the fault, which is the most developed in Lungu 15-11 well, Lungu 15-4 well and Lungu 15-20 well. The overall drilling rate of hole type reservoir is not high. The favorable fractures and caverns in the study area are mainly distributed in the karst residual hills and the areas where the fractures overlap with the faults.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库前10条

1 郭建华;塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系潜山古岩溶及其所控制的储层非均质性[J];沉积学报;1993年01期

2 陈景山;李忠;王振宇;谭秀成;李凌;马青;;塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布[J];沉积学报;2007年06期

3 周新桂,操成杰,袁嘉音;储层构造裂缝定量预测与油气渗流规律研究现状和进展[J];地球科学进展;2003年03期

4 朱如凯;邹才能;白斌;苏玲;高志勇;罗忠;;全球油气勘探研究进展及对沉积储层研究的需求[J];地球科学进展;2011年11期

5 卢颖忠,黄智辉,管志宁,高合明;储层裂缝特征测井解释方法综述[J];地质科技情报;1998年01期

6 何发岐;碳酸盐岩地层中不整合—岩溶风化壳油气田——以塔里木盆地塔河油田为例[J];地质论评;2002年04期

7 艾合买提江·阿不都热和曼;钟建华;李阳;钟富平;高玉飞;;碳酸盐岩裂缝与岩溶作用研究[J];地质论评;2008年04期

8 李朋威;金廷福;王果谦;宋金民;罗平;;微生物碳酸盐岩及其油气勘探意义[J];地质科技情报;2013年03期

9 康玉柱;;中国海相油气田勘探实例之四塔里木盆地塔河油田的发现与勘探[J];海相油气地质;2005年04期

10 张庆玉;梁彬;曹建文;陈宏峰;;测井技术在奥陶系洞穴型岩溶储层识别中的应用[J];海洋地质前沿;2011年05期