微地震正演方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 19:05

本文选题：微地震 + 射线追踪　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：微地震监测技术,作为研究地层内部微破裂过程的一种方法技术,在油气藏勘探开发领域有着广泛的应用。微地震正演数据模拟作为微地震监测技术中的一个重要组成部分,对微地震监测技术的发展起着不可或缺的作用。微地震正演模拟主要包括波动方程法和射线追踪法,它们各自具有不同的优势。本次论文编写着重于研究基于射线追踪方法的波场模拟。射线追踪方法在地震波的震源精确定位以及层析成像等处理环节中都有着广泛的应用。本文从射线射线追踪的原理出发,对三维逐段迭代法射线追踪和基于双线性插值的射线追踪算法都进行了研究,并且将其在三维水平和倾斜层状介质中进行了实现。本文对逐段迭代法和基于双线性插值算法的射线追踪的精度、速度以及适用范围进行了分析探讨。论文对基于双线性插值算法的射线追踪的速度提升方面做了一定的研究:一是从算法上进行了改进,减少了最小旅行时计算中搜索的次数,进而提升了速度;二是在多震源的情况下,依据双线性插值算法的特点,利用震源和检波器的互换原理,减少计算网格旅行时的次数,对速度进行了提升。论文对随时间、空间变化的微地震事件的震源位置以及发震时间的自动生成做了研究,通过射线追踪将生成的各个事件的旅行时以及倾角和方位角信息追踪出来,最终合成了三维三分量的微地震记录。
[Abstract]:Microseismic monitoring technology, as a method to study the process of microfracture in strata, is widely used in the field of oil and gas reservoir exploration and development. As an important part of microseismic monitoring technology, microseismic forward modeling plays an indispensable role in the development of microseismic monitoring technology. Microseismic forward modeling mainly includes wave equation method and ray tracing method, which have different advantages. This paper focuses on the study of wave field simulation based on ray tracing method. The ray tracing method has been widely used in seismic source location and tomography processing. In this paper, based on the principle of ray tracing, the three dimensional piecewise iterative ray tracing and the ray tracing algorithm based on bilinear interpolation are studied and implemented in horizontal and inclined layered media. In this paper, the accuracy, velocity and application range of ray tracing based on piecewise iterative method and bilinear interpolation algorithm are analyzed and discussed. In this paper, the speed raising of ray tracing based on bilinear interpolation algorithm is studied. Firstly, the algorithm is improved to reduce the number of searches in the minimum travel time calculation, and then improve the speed; Secondly, in the case of multi-source, according to the characteristics of bilinear interpolation algorithm, using the exchange principle of source and detector, the times of computing grid travel time are reduced, and the speed is improved. In this paper, the focal location and generating time of microseismic events with time and space change are studied. The travel time, inclination angle and azimuth information of each event are traced by ray tracing. Finally, three-dimensional three-component microseismic records were synthesized.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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