音频大地电磁测深法和高密度电阻率法对隧道岩溶的识别研究与应用

发布时间：2018-07-02 22:18

本文选题：音频大地电磁测深法 + 高密度电阻率法　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：山体隧道是道路交通建设的重难点,特别是在西部山区,地形结构复杂、地质成因多样,为隧道设计和施工带来了严重的影响。由于山体内不良地质体发育具有分布无规律和形态多样等特点,单一的钻探已经难以有效了解其形态和分布,精确有效快速的探测方法是我们重点研究的内容。在隧道初步勘察中,钻探能对地质信息直接有效的反映出来,但是由于工作成本与地形条件约束,我们往往采用地球物理勘探方法。本文以实际隧道工程勘察为出发点,通过大量收集资料及前人的经验总结,总结该区隧道勘察中常见不良地质体(如断层破碎带、地表不均匀体等)的电磁响应特征,对工区隧道勘察中所应采用的勘察技术做了系统的理论研究,分析对比了相关勘察方法的优缺点及局限性,并据此建立高低阻模型、地堑地垒模型、地表不均匀体模型、断层破碎带模型几种地电模型,分析研究他们的电磁响应特点,最后运用到实际隧道工程中,通过钻探验证了本文研究内容的可行性。首先,对实际工区的隧道勘察技术进行方法理论研究,研究隧道勘察相关方法的适用性与局限性,并总结出该地区相关的电磁响应特征,据此建立适用于该工区的高低阻模型、地堑地垒模型、地表不均匀体模型、断层破碎带模型四种地电模型的勘察方法。然后,依据模型对高密度电阻率法和大地电磁测深法进行了方法原理、装置及技术特点的分析总结,并将两种物探方法有机结合,联合运用到实际隧道工程勘察中,对比研究其在隧道勘察中的勘察成果及局限性,得出了大地电磁测深法对地下地层起伏分辨率较差、静态效应干扰巨大的结论及高密度电阻率法勘探深度浅,高阻屏蔽严重,深部反映粗糙的缺点,两者联合解释能有效解决相关地质问题。最后,对预测异常区域进行钻探验证,对比钻探资料,查明了工区地质构造特征及地质异常情况,也在实践中证明大地电磁测深法与高密度电阻率法联合勘探的有效性。本文以实际隧道工程勘察问题为出发点,对解决隧道地质问题的勘察技术进行了研究总结,通过地电模型模拟、实际工程应用、野外钻探验证,证明了单一物探方法的局限性,同时使用大地电磁测深和高密度电阻率法对隧道进行联合勘探,取长补短、相互补充,能有效解决隧道勘察的工程地质问题,对今后类似工程提供了很好的参考和经验。
[Abstract]:Mountain tunnel is one of the most important and difficult points in road traffic construction, especially in the western mountainous area, where the terrain structure is complex and the geological origin is various, which has brought serious influence to the tunnel design and construction. Due to the irregular distribution and diversity of the bad geological bodies in the mountains, it is difficult to understand the morphology and distribution of the poor geological bodies in a single drilling field. The accurate, effective and rapid detection method is the focus of our research. In the preliminary investigation of tunnels, drilling can reflect the geological information directly and effectively, but because of the constraints of work cost and terrain conditions, we often adopt geophysical exploration methods. Based on the actual tunnel engineering investigation, this paper summarizes the electromagnetic response characteristics of the common bad geological bodies (such as fault broken zone, surface uneven body, etc.) in the tunnel survey in this area by collecting a large amount of data and summarizing the previous experience. This paper makes a systematic theoretical study on the investigation technology used in the tunnel investigation in the working area, analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages and limitations of the relative survey methods, and establishes the models of high and low resistance, graben and uneven surface mass. Several geoelectric models of fault fracture zone model are used to analyze and study their electromagnetic response characteristics. Finally, they are applied to actual tunnel engineering, and the feasibility of this paper is verified by drilling. First of all, the method and theory of tunnel survey technology in actual working area are studied, and the applicability and limitation of relevant methods in tunnel investigation are studied, and the relevant electromagnetic response characteristics in this area are summarized. Based on this, a model of high and low resistance suitable for this work area is established. Exploration methods of four geoelectric models: graben model, surface heterogeneity model and fault fracture zone model. Then, according to the model, the method principle, equipment and technical characteristics of high density resistivity method and magnetotelluric sounding method are analyzed and summarized, and the two geophysical methods are organically combined and applied to the actual tunnel engineering survey. By contrasting and studying its exploration results and limitations in tunnel exploration, the conclusion that magnetotelluric sounding has poor resolution and great static effect on underground strata is obtained. The high density resistivity method has shallow exploration depth and high resistivity shielding. Deep reflecting the shortcomings of rough, the combined interpretation of the two can effectively solve the related geological problems. Finally, drilling verification is carried out on the predicted abnormal area, and the geological structure characteristics and geological anomalies in the working area are found out by comparing the drilling data, and the effectiveness of the combined exploration of magnetotelluric sounding and high-density resistivity method is also proved in practice. Based on the investigation problem of actual tunnel engineering, this paper studies and summarizes the investigation technology to solve the geological problem of tunnel. The limitation of single geophysical exploration method is proved by geoelectric model simulation, practical engineering application and field drilling verification. At the same time, using magnetotelluric sounding and high-density resistivity method to explore the tunnel, which can make up for each other and complement each other, can effectively solve the engineering geological problems of tunnel survey, and provide a good reference and experience for similar projects in the future.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.3

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