变质岩区协同影像岩性增强与提取方法研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 13:24

【摘要】：天山-北山成矿带是我国西部地区三个重要成矿区带之一,区内变质作用强烈,成矿条件优越,变质岩区亦分布十分广泛。而且这些变质岩区往往集中了成矿带内大量的铜、金等金属矿床。由于这些变质岩区地处我国新疆东部、甘肃西北部和内蒙古西部等地区,区内多荒漠戈壁,气候恶劣,植被稀疏,人烟稀少,野外工作条件十分艰苦。但是,干旱的气候,较低植被覆盖度,却十分有利于遥感技术在该区域内发挥自己的优势。本文在分析辛格尔、雅满苏、白石滩等三个变质岩区典型岩性光谱特征的基础上,结合不同岩性的特征波段,构建变质岩区WorldView-2高分辨率影像与ASTER中等分辨率多光谱影像的协同数据,试图利用协同数据的特征波段比值对变质岩区内基性岩脉、片麻岩、大理岩、石英岩与石英片岩等进行相应的增强处理。针对变质岩区典型岩性特征波段而制作的协同影像主要覆盖可见光-近红外波段,以及短红外区间。协同数据很好地继承了WorldView-2数据高分辨率优势,同时弥补了WorldView-2没有短波红外和热红外波段的缺陷。相对于ASTER影像,协同数据不仅丰富了其可见光-近红外区间的光谱信息,而且有效提高了自身数据在短波红外、热红外区间的空间分辨率。在辛格尔研究区,利用基性岩脉与围岩光谱特征的差异,通过WorldView-2与ASTER协同影像的band4/band8,可以将研究区内基性岩脉从围岩中增强出来；利用斜长石、钾长石光谱曲线的差异,通过WorldView-2与ASTER协同影像协同影像的band5/band3,可以将研究区钾长花岗质片麻岩与斜长花岗质片麻岩增强出来；利用大理岩、石英岩、石英片岩的光谱差异,通过WorldView-2与ASTER协同影像协同影像的band14/band13,可以将石英岩、石英片岩从围岩大理岩中增强出来。最后,通过这三类典型岩性的比值因子,进行区域内假彩色合成,形成的研究区增强影像对岩性的识别和解译有了很大的帮助,提升了变质岩区域影像整体的解译能力。
[Abstract]:Tianshan-Beishan metallogenic belt is one of the three important metallogenic zones in western China. Moreover, these metamorphic rock areas tend to concentrate a large number of copper, gold and other metal deposits in the metallogenic belt. These metamorphic rock regions are located in the eastern part of Xinjiang, northwest Gansu and western Inner Mongolia. There are many desert Gobi, bad climate, sparse vegetation, sparsely populated, and very difficult field working conditions. However, arid climate and low vegetation coverage are very helpful for remote sensing technology to exert its advantages in the region. Based on the analysis of the typical lithologic spectral characteristics of three metamorphic rock areas, Singer, Yamansu and Baishitan, this paper combines the characteristic bands of different lithology. The synergetic data of WorldView-2 high resolution image and ASTER medium resolution multispectral image in metamorphic rock area were constructed. The characteristic band ratio of synergetic data was used to analyze the basic vein, gneiss and marble in metamorphic rock area. Quartzite and quartz schist are treated with corresponding enhancement. According to the typical lithologic characteristic bands of metamorphic rocks, the cooperative images mainly cover the visible and near infrared bands, as well as the short infrared regions. The cooperative data inherits the advantage of high resolution of WorldView-2 data and makes up for the defect of WorldView-2 without shortwave infrared and thermal infrared bands. Compared with ASTER images, the cooperative data not only enriches the spectral information in the visible and near infrared region, but also effectively improves the spatial resolution of their own data in the short-wave infrared and thermal infrared regions. In the study area of Singer, by using the difference of spectral characteristics between basic vein and surrounding rock, the basic vein can be enhanced from surrounding rock by band4 / band8 of WorldView-2 and ASTER, and the difference of spectral curve of plagioclase and potash feldspar can be used to make use of the spectral curve of plagioclase and potash feldspar. By using band5 / band3 of WorldView-2 and ASTER, we can enhance kalium granitic gneiss and plagioclase granitic gneiss, and make use of spectral difference of marble and quartz schist. The quartzite and quartz schist can be enhanced from the surrounding marble by band14 / band13 of WorldView-2 and ASTER. Finally, through the ratio factors of these three types of typical lithology, the pseudocolor synthesis in the region is carried out. The enhanced image of the study area is of great help to the recognition and interpretation of lithology, and improves the overall interpretation ability of the metamorphic rock region image.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P627

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