红石岩与甘家寨特大型地震崩滑体特征及其成因
发布时间:2018-08-21 20:02
【摘要】:2014年云南鲁甸M_S6.5地震触发了大量滑坡和崩塌,其中规模最大的是红石岩和甘家寨,二者体积均超过1 000×10~4m~3。基于震后科考,对这2个崩滑体特征和成因进行了分析。结果表明:震区位于凉山次级活动块体的前缘部位,地震活动频繁,平均6a就有1次5级以上地震发生。频繁而强烈的地震活动,对浅层岩体造成累积的破坏效应,极大地降低了斜坡的力学强度,这是红石岩、甘家寨等崩滑体发生的基础条件。红石岩特大型崩滑体,其形成与巨大的地形高差、陡峭的地形坡度、软弱地层和节理、裂隙的发育有着内在的密切联系。其形成主要经历了3个过程:第1阶段,在强震动情况下,顺河节理、卸荷裂隙以及横河向节理进一步张裂、贯通,在垂向上分割出不同的块体;第2阶段,岩体沿层间节理进一步发展,切割垂直方向的块体,形成纵横立体交叉的岩石块体;第3阶段,前2个阶段形成的岩体失去稳定,向坡下倾倒、坍塌,并沿软弱地层滑面下滑、倾倒,堵塞河道形成堰塞湖。甘家寨特大型滑坡,则为大型凹坡中下部发生的风化层滑坡,其形成过程大致为:首先,在地震力和重力的双重作用下,四周土层向凹坡中轴的下部运动、聚集,因下部松散土层含水量和容重最大,其所遭受的地震惯性力最大,最先产生塑性破坏而挤压膨胀变形;第2阶段,因坡度较陡,随着斜坡下部挤压塑性变形区进一步扩大,在斜坡中部某个部位产生拉张区,当超过风化层抗拉强度时产生破坏,滑坡体顺势快速滑出。这2个特大型滑坡代表了鲁甸地震滑坡的2种主要类型,其成因及其形成机制对该地区的地震滑坡灾害具有一定的普遍意义。
[Abstract]:In 2014, the M_S6.5 earthquake in Ludian, Yunnan Province, triggered a large number of landslides and collapses, the largest of which were red rock and Ganjiazhai, each with a volume of more than 1,000 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1). Based on the scientific survey after the earthquake, the characteristics and causes of the two landslide bodies are analyzed. The results show that the earthquake area is located at the front edge of Liangshan sub-active block, and the seismic activity is frequent. On average, one earthquake with M 鈮,
本文编号:2196208
[Abstract]:In 2014, the M_S6.5 earthquake in Ludian, Yunnan Province, triggered a large number of landslides and collapses, the largest of which were red rock and Ganjiazhai, each with a volume of more than 1,000 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1). Based on the scientific survey after the earthquake, the characteristics and causes of the two landslide bodies are analyzed. The results show that the earthquake area is located at the front edge of Liangshan sub-active block, and the seismic activity is frequent. On average, one earthquake with M 鈮,
本文编号:2196208
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