高性能超声反射测井仪设计与实现
发布时间：2018-08-26 21:40
【摘要】：超声反射测井是一种经典的测井方法,在目前的油气勘探中,仍然有很多的应用。随着解决地质问题难度的增加,对超声反射测井仪器的性能提出了更高的要求,主要反映在：①要求记录的动态范围增加,精度提高；②要求能自动补偿井液对超声波的衰减,使仪器能够适应不同比重泥浆环境的测井需求；③进一步提高仪器的集成度,以适应不同井径油井的测井；④进一步降低仪器的功耗,提高仪器的高温特性；⑤将井壁超声成像和超声固井质量检测两类仪器合二为一提高仪器的工作效率。针对这些要求,本文根据超声反射原理,论述了超声反射井壁声幅成像和固井质量检测的基本方法,进行了不同井壁波阻抗、不同泥浆比重环境下超声反射回波信号的实验研究,为仪器的设计和研制提供了实验依据。在此基础上提出和论证了超声反射测井仪的设计方案,重点针对仪器高性能的要求,采用了最新的军用级或汽车级集成电子器件,设计了新型的超声发射电路,增加了泥浆对超声衰减的补偿模块,选用动态范围更大、集成度更高的A/D量化器,尽可能采用低压电源进行仪器供电。通过上述方案和措施,使仪器的集成度更高,功耗更低,温度性能更好,数据记录精度更准,对不同比重的泥浆、不同井径环境的适应性更强。经过开发、调试和实验,结果表明,仪器达到了预定的设计要求。本文的主要创新点在于：①针对常规的超声反射电缆测井中高压单窄脉冲超声发射电路功耗大、体积大、温度压力引起频偏的问题,设计开发了基于CMOS集成开关的超声子波发射电路,达到了功耗低、效率高、体积小、性能稳定的要求；②针对大范围比重泥浆对超声波衰减严重的问题,设计实现了时变压控增益放大器,对回波信号进行时变增益放大,补偿了超声回波信号在泥浆中的衰减,提高了回波到达时间检测的准确性和可靠性；③将超声电视成像测井仪与超声固井质量检测仪两种仪器合二为一,使一套仪器既可进行井壁电视成像,又可获取全波列回波信息进行第一界面固井质量评价。综上,本文的研究工作解决了目前超声反射测井仪器的几个关键技术难题,其结果对提高仪器的性能及实际工程应用有重要的实用价值。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic reflection logging is a classical logging method, which still has many applications in oil and gas exploration. With the increasing difficulty in solving geological problems, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of ultrasonic reflection logging tools, which are mainly reflected in the increase of the dynamic range of the recording required by 1: 1 and the improvement of the accuracy required to automatically compensate the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave caused by the well fluid. So that the tool can meet the logging requirements of different specific gravity mud environment to further improve the integration of the tool, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the tool and improve the high temperature characteristics of the tool. (5) two kinds of instruments, ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cementing quality testing, are combined to improve the working efficiency of the instruments. According to the principle of ultrasonic reflection, the basic methods of ultrasonic reflection acoustic amplitude imaging and cementing quality detection are discussed in this paper. The experimental study of echo signal reflected by ultrasonic under different mud specific gravity provides experimental basis for the design and development of the instrument. On this basis, the design scheme of ultrasonic reflection logging tool is put forward and proved. According to the requirements of high performance of the instrument, a new type of ultrasonic emission circuit is designed by adopting the latest integrated electronic devices of military grade or automobile level. The compensation module for ultrasonic attenuation of mud is added, and the A / D quantizer with larger dynamic range and higher integration is selected, and the instrument is supplied with low voltage power as far as possible. Through the above schemes and measures, the instrument has higher integration, lower power consumption, better temperature performance, more accurate data recording accuracy, better adaptability to mud with different specific gravity and different well diameter environment. After development, debugging and experiment, the results show that the instrument meets the design requirements. The main innovation of this paper is to solve the problem of frequency deviation caused by temperature and pressure in conventional ultrasonic reflection cable logging with high power consumption, large volume and large volume. The ultrasonic wavelet emission circuit based on CMOS integrated switch is designed and developed, which meets the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency, small volume and stable performance. The time-varying voltage-controlled gain amplifier is designed and realized, which amplifies the echo signal with time-varying gain, compensates the attenuation of ultrasonic echo signal in mud, and improves the accuracy and reliability of echo arrival time detection. (3) the combination of ultrasonic imaging logging tool and ultrasonic cementing quality detector makes one set of tools can be used not only for the television imaging of borehole lining, but also for the evaluation of cementing quality at the first interface by obtaining the echo information of full wave train. In summary, the research work in this paper has solved several key technical problems of ultrasonic reflection logging tool at present, and its results have important practical value to improve the performance of the instrument and practical engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.83
本文编号：2206239
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic reflection logging is a classical logging method, which still has many applications in oil and gas exploration. With the increasing difficulty in solving geological problems, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of ultrasonic reflection logging tools, which are mainly reflected in the increase of the dynamic range of the recording required by 1: 1 and the improvement of the accuracy required to automatically compensate the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave caused by the well fluid. So that the tool can meet the logging requirements of different specific gravity mud environment to further improve the integration of the tool, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the tool and improve the high temperature characteristics of the tool. (5) two kinds of instruments, ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cementing quality testing, are combined to improve the working efficiency of the instruments. According to the principle of ultrasonic reflection, the basic methods of ultrasonic reflection acoustic amplitude imaging and cementing quality detection are discussed in this paper. The experimental study of echo signal reflected by ultrasonic under different mud specific gravity provides experimental basis for the design and development of the instrument. On this basis, the design scheme of ultrasonic reflection logging tool is put forward and proved. According to the requirements of high performance of the instrument, a new type of ultrasonic emission circuit is designed by adopting the latest integrated electronic devices of military grade or automobile level. The compensation module for ultrasonic attenuation of mud is added, and the A / D quantizer with larger dynamic range and higher integration is selected, and the instrument is supplied with low voltage power as far as possible. Through the above schemes and measures, the instrument has higher integration, lower power consumption, better temperature performance, more accurate data recording accuracy, better adaptability to mud with different specific gravity and different well diameter environment. After development, debugging and experiment, the results show that the instrument meets the design requirements. The main innovation of this paper is to solve the problem of frequency deviation caused by temperature and pressure in conventional ultrasonic reflection cable logging with high power consumption, large volume and large volume. The ultrasonic wavelet emission circuit based on CMOS integrated switch is designed and developed, which meets the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency, small volume and stable performance. The time-varying voltage-controlled gain amplifier is designed and realized, which amplifies the echo signal with time-varying gain, compensates the attenuation of ultrasonic echo signal in mud, and improves the accuracy and reliability of echo arrival time detection. (3) the combination of ultrasonic imaging logging tool and ultrasonic cementing quality detector makes one set of tools can be used not only for the television imaging of borehole lining, but also for the evaluation of cementing quality at the first interface by obtaining the echo information of full wave train. In summary, the research work in this paper has solved several key technical problems of ultrasonic reflection logging tool at present, and its results have important practical value to improve the performance of the instrument and practical engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.83
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 王建华;;声波测井技术综述[J];工程地球物理学报;2006年05期
2 侯勇慧,林长吉;FPGA在井壁超声成像测井模块中的应用[J];石油仪器;2002年05期
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